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CompTIA A+ > CompTIA A+ 1001 > Flashcards

CompTIA A+ 1001 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 sizes of a Tower System Case. What are the use-cases of each?

A
  1. Full - Usually used for PC servers. These require additional space for hard disks, adapter cards, and additional power supply units.
  2. Mid - Used for high-end users. Require extra devices and adapter cards
  3. Mini - Office or home PCs where requirements for additional devices and adapter cards is limited
  4. Slimline - require low-profile adapter cards, but can be oriented horizontally or vertically
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2
Q

What characterizes a Small Form Factor (SFF) desktop system case?

A

Semi-portable, space saving designs typically used for domestic entertainment or Media Center systems that will not look out of place in a living room

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3
Q

What things would you expect to see on the Front Panel of a System Case?

A
  1. Removable Media Drives
  2. Power On/Off Switch
  3. Rear Panel - has cut-out slows aligned with position of adapter card slots
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4
Q

What 4 things would you expect to see on the Rear Panel of a system case?

A
  1. Power Supply Unit (PSU) with Fan
  2. Chassis Fan Airflow Cutout
  3. Motherboard I/O Panel
  4. Expansion Card Slow
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5
Q

What should you do before starting to disassemble a PC?

A
  1. Back up all data
  2. Create a clean work environment
  3. Gather all necessary equipment
  4. Power all devices and unplyg
  5. Take anti-static precautions (such as placing static-sensitive components in anti-static bags)
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6
Q

What are the steps to disassemble a PC?

A
  1. Power down PC and remove power cable
  2. Press and hold the power button for a few seconds to de-energize circuits
  3. Unscrew screws that secure cover
  4. Access internal devices and begin to remove them
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7
Q

What is a Motherboard?

A

Printed circuit board that houses processor, chipset, memory, expansion slots

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8
Q

3 types of motherboard form factors, what are dimensions of each and how many expansion slots?

A
  1. Advanced Technology Extended (ATX) - 12” x 9.6” with up to 7 expansion slows
  2. Micro-ATX (mATX) - 9.6” x 9.6” with 4 expansion slots
  3. Mini-ATX - 6.7” x 6.7” with 1 expansion slow
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9
Q

What is all software and data processed by a computer stored as and where is this stored?

A

Binary code, 1s and 0s.

Stored in system memory.

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10
Q

Where does System RAM typically fit as part of the overall System Case?

A

Packaged as Dual Inline Memory Modules (DIMMs) fitted to motherboard slots.

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11
Q

2 Electrical Hazards

A

1) Metal and Liquids - Electrical current can pass through this, so neither should be allowed to come in contact with electrical device installations
2) Damaged components are a risk and should be replaced immediately

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12
Q

2 ways to ship electronic equipment to protect against ESD

A

1) Anti-ESD Shield - packaging coated with conductive material
2) Dissipative Packaging - Can be a spray that coats non-static parts that are stored/shipped in proximity of other parts that might be static sensitive

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13
Q

3 Emergency Procedures

A

1) Raise the alarm
2) Make the scene safe if possible
3) Do what you can to tackle the emergency

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14
Q

4 techniques to protect yourself and equipment when working with computer components

A

1) Self-Grounding - touch a grounded object prior to touching any electronic equipment (such as metal frame)
2) Anti-ESD wrist strap or leg strap
3) Anti-ESD service mat
4) Antistatic bags used for shipping/handling

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15
Q

Describe RAM

A

Random Access Memory is a type of system memory. Program Code is loaded into RAM so that it can be accessed and executed by the processor. RAM also holds data, such as the contents of a spreadsheet or document, while it is being modified. System Ram is volatile; it loses its contents when the power is removed.

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16
Q

How is a CPU situated on a MoBo?

A

Typically inserted into a squarish socket, located close to the memory sockets, and then covered by a heatsink and fan.

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17
Q

How to disassemble a PC

A
  1. Power down PC and remove power cable
  2. Press and hold the power button for a few seconds to de-energize circuits
  3. Unscrew screws that secure cover
  4. Access internal devices and begin to remove them
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18
Q

Name 6 parts that are housed inside a System Case of a Desktop Computer

A
  1. Motherboard
  2. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
  3. Memory
  4. Adapter Cards
  5. Disk Drives
  6. Power Supply Unit
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19
Q

What 4 things may be toxic that must be treated with special care?

A
  1. CRT Monitors (Cathode Ray Tube) - older type of heavy, bulky computer monitor that contain substantial amounts of hazardous materials, notably lead
  2. Swollen Batteries
  3. Electronic Devices - Contains toxins and heavy metals
  4. Toner Kits and Catridges - contains extremely fine powder that may cause respiratory tract irritation
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20
Q

What are 2 types of System Units

A
  1. Tower

2. Small Form Factor

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21
Q

What are the 3 fuse ratings

A

3A, 5A, 13A

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22
Q

What characterizes a Tower type of system case?

A

Sits vertically, taller than it is wide

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23
Q

What does ESD Stand for

A

Electrostatic Discharge

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24
Q

What does grounding do

A

If there is a fault that causes metal parts in the equipment to become live, a ground provides a path of least resistance for the electrical current to flow away harmlessly.

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25
Q

What increases likelihood of ESD

A

Dry and cool conditions

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26
Q

What is PAT?

A

Portable Appliance Testing - Test carried out by a qualified electrician which ensures that a device is safe to use

27
Q

What is Static Electricity?

A

High voltage stored in an insulated body

28
Q

What is a system case?

A

It is a part of a desktop computer that would be damaged or dangerous if exposed in a plastic or metal box. Parts include motherboard, Central Processing Unit (CPU), memory, adapter cards, disk drives, power supply units. AKA boxes, main units or base units.

29
Q

What is all software and data processed by a computer stored as and where is this stored?

A

Binary code, 1s and 0s. Stored in system memory.

30
Q

What is the best practice when multiple devices need to be attached to a single power point?

A

A power strip of sockets should be used in order to not overheat and cause a fire

31
Q

What should you do before starting to disassemble a PC?

A
  1. Back up all data 2. Create a clean work environment 3. Gather all necessary equipment 4. Power all devices and unplyg 5. Take anti-static precautions (such as placing static-sensitive components in anti-static bags)
32
Q

What will happen if equipment allows more current to flow through a cable than a cable is rated for?

A

The cable will heat up

33
Q

When does ESD occur?

A

When a path is created that allows electrons to rush from a statically charged body to another with an unequal charge. Charge follows path of least resistance.

34
Q

Where does System RAM typically fit as part of the overall System Case?

A

Packaged as Dual Inline Memory Modules (DIMMs) fitted to motherboard slots

35
Q

Why is using the correct fuse size important?

A

An electrical device must be fitted with a fuse appropriate to its power output. If a fuse is rated too low, it will blow too easily; if the rating is too high, it may not blow when it should and allow too much current to pass through the device.

36
Q

What is a chipset?

A

Consists of several controllers that handle the transfer of data between the CPU and various devices. Examples of controllers are: system memory controller, Input/Ouput (I/O) controller to handle disk drives and expansion buses, controllers for any integrated video, sound, and network (cabled and wireless interfaces)

37
Q

Can the chipset be upgraded?

A

No, it is soldered onto the motherboard and cannot be upgraded

38
Q

What is NVRAM and what does it store? What advantage does it have over CMOS RAM

A

Non-Volatile RAM. Stores configuration data. It does not require a backup battery

39
Q

What might be the issue if the RTC (real time clock) is not working?

A

The RTC battery has gone out. RTC battery uses a CMOS type of battery.

40
Q

What is a bus?

A

An electrical pathway on the motherboard or through cabling that carries electrical signals carrying data is referred to as a bus.

41
Q

What is an address?

A

Information about where data is located in memory

42
Q

What is a bus responsible for?

A
  1. Carries information being processed by the computer
  2. Information about where the data is located in memory
  3. Carries power to a component and the timing signals that synchronize data transfers between components
43
Q

What is the difference between an internal bus (local bus) and an external bus (expansion bus)

A

Allows additional components to be connected to the computer. These components could be peripheral devices or adapter cards.

44
Q

What is an expansion slot?

A

Enable you to install plug-in adapter cards in a computer to extend the range of functions it can perform.

45
Q

When would you want to use a Riser Card?

A

If you have a slimline case and there’s not enough room for full height expansions cards. Riser card enable you to connect additional adapters to the system

46
Q

What does a system clock do?

A

Synchronizes the operation of all parts of the PC and provides the basic timing signal for the CPU.

47
Q

How many devices can PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) buses support?

A

Up to 5 devices

48
Q

What is the advantage of PCI

A

It support bus mastering, meaning that the device can control the bus to transfer data to and from memory, without requiring the CPU.

49
Q

The PCI architecture is a __bit bus working at __ MHz, achieving a transfer rate of __ (MBps)

A

32 bit
33.3 MHz
133 MBps

50
Q

PCT slots can deliver up to __W of power to an adapter

A

25W

51
Q

What are performance barriers/downsides to traditional PCI?

A

1) Is a parallel interface. Parallel interface speeds are limited by the problem of timing each signal.
2) Bandwidth of the PCI bus is shared between all the components connected to it and only one component can make use of the bus at any one time.
3) More expensive to implement

52
Q

What does PCIe stand for and how is it an improvement over tranditional PCI architecture?

A

Peripheral Component Interconnect Express.It has point-to-point serial communications, meaning that each component can have a dedicated link to any other component. Connections are made via a switch, which routes data between components and can provide Quality of Service (QoS) to any component that needs it. (e.g. prioritize real-time video over non-time critical data).

53
Q

When referring to PCIe, what is a link and what is a lane?

A

Point-to-point connect taht sends both data and control/timing instructions. A link can make use of one or more lanes. Each lane consists of two wire pairs (four wires in total). One pair is used to transmit and the other to receive (bi-directional).

54
Q

True/False: PCIe software is compatible with tranditional PCI, meaning that PCI ports can be included on a motherboard, but PCI cards cannot be fitted into PCIe sockets.

A

True

55
Q

What is a storage bus?

A

Special type of expansion bus dedicated to communicating with storage devices, such as hard disks, solid state drives, optical drives (CD/DVD/Blu-ray)

56
Q

What does HBA stand for and what function does it server?

A

Provides a connection point for internal mass storage devices

57
Q

True/False: The following are examples of minor connector types:

  • Internal USB connectors
  • Front panel connectors (Power button, Drive HHD activity lights, audio ports)
  • Power and fan connectors (one for CPU and one or more for case fans)
A

True

58
Q

What is a Jumper?

A

A jumper is a small plastic clip containing a metal conductor that fits over two contacts on the motherboard. The position of the clip completes a circuit that configures the motherboard in one way or another. When upgrading components such as the CPU, may need to change the position of jumpers on the motherboard.

59
Q

Define “interface”

A

the point at which two devices connect and communicate with each other

60
Q

What is a “Port”?

A

A hardware interface that you can use to connect devices to a computer. A port is either an electrically wired socket or a plug.

61
Q

What are I/O ports?

A

Input and Output (I/O) ports allow additional devices to be connected to the PC.

62
Q

What does USB stand for?

A

Universal Serial Bus

63
Q

How many devices can a USB bus support?

A

127

64
Q

What is the data rate of USB 2.0 (HighSpeed) standard?

A

480 Mbps.

CompTIA A+ (1 decks)

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