CompTia 901 Exam Prep Flashcards
Where is the information running on your computer stored when it is in use?
RAM
How big is the data width of DIMM?
64 bit data width
Which type of RAM has 184 pins?
DDR
What types of RAM have 240 pins? (2)
DDR2 and DDR3
What is SO-DIMM used for?
Laptops and Mobile Devices
Which type of RAM does a laptop use?
SO-DIMM
Which type of RAM has 172 pins?
DDR Mirco
What types of RAM have 214 pins? (2)
DDR2 and DDR3 Mirco
What does a jumper on a motherboard do?
Enables or disables certain features of a motherboard
Which CPU layout puts pins onto the CPU?
Pin Grid Array (PGA)
Which CPU layout puts pins on the motherboard?
Land Grid Array (LGA)
What is the Northbridge also called?
Memory Controller Hub
What is the Memory Controller Hub also called?
Northbridge
What is the Southbridge also called?
I/O Controller Hub (ICH)
What is the I/O Controller Hub (ICH) also called?
Southbridge
Which bus deals with high bandwidth communications?
Northbridge
What does the Northbridge deal with?
High bandwidth communications (GPU, CPU)
What does the Southbridge deal with?
Low bandwidth communications, (PCI, USB, HDD,BIOS)
What does the Super I/O deal with?
Legacy Ports (Serial, Parallel, Floppy Drive, Keyboard, Mouse)
What many times faster can a DDR3 SDRAM transfer than the memory clock speed?
64 times
How much bus width does PCI have? (2)
32 bit and 64 bit
A PCI that is running at 133 MB/S is running at what bit and Mhz?
32 bit at 33 MHz
A PCI that is running at 266 MB/S is running at what bit and Mhz? (2)
32 bit at 66 Mhz or 64 bit at 33 Mhz
A PCI that is running at 533 MB/S is running at what bit and Mhz?
64 bit at 66 Mhz
A PCI that is running 32 bit at 33 Mhz is running how fast?
133 MB/s
A PCI that is running 32 bit at 66 Mhz or 64 bit at 33 Mhz is running how fast?
266 MB/s
A PCI that is running 64 bit at 66 Mhz is running how fast?
533 MB/s
What type of communication does a PCI have?
Parallel communication
What does parallel communication mean?
All the information is transferred at the same time
If all information is transferred at the same time what type of communication is that?
Parallel communication
What is the PCI-X designed for?
Servers
Which PCI is designed for servers?
PCI-X
How many times faster than the clock speed is PCI-X?
4 times
How much thoughput does a PCI-X have?
1064 MB/s
Does PCI-X have parallel communication?
Yes
How does the PCIe communicate?
Serially
What does serial communication mean?
It sends a single bit one at a time
What are the different types of PCIe? (6)
x1, x2, x4, x8, x16, x32
What is faster Parallel or Serial communication?
Serial communication
What is the throughput for PCIe V1.x?
250 MB/s per lane
What is the throughput for PCIe V2.x?
500 MB/s Per lane
What is the throughput for PCIe V3.x?
~ 1 GB/s Per lane
What is the throughput for PCIe V4.x?
~ 2 GB/s per lane
Which version of PCIe has 250 MB/S throughput?
PCIe V1.x
Which version of PCIe has 500 MB/S throughput?
PCIe V2.x
Which version of PCIe has ~ 1 GB/S throughput?
PCIe V3.x
Which version of PCIe has ~ 2 GB/S throughput?
PCIe V4.x
What is mini PCIe used for?
Mobile devices
How many pin connectors are on ATX motherboards? (2)
20 pin or 24 pin with additional 4/8 pin connector
Is the Mini-ITX screw-compatible with ATX?
Yes
What is the form factor for the Mini-ITX?
170mm x 170mm
What is the form factor for the Nano-ITX?
120mm x 120mm
What is the form factor for the Pico-ITX?
72 mm x 100 mm
What is the form factor for the Moblie-ITX?
45mm x 75mm
Which motherboard is 45mm x 75mm?
Moblie-ITX
Which motherboard is 72 mm x 100 mm?
Pico-ITX
Which motherboard is 120mm x 120mm?
Nano-ITX
Which motherboard is 170mm x 170mm?
Mini-ITX
How many pins does a DDR SDRAM have?
184
How many pins does a DDR2 and DDR3 have?
204
How many pins does a DDR and DDR2 SO-DIMM have?
200
How many pins does a DDR3 so-dimm have?
204
How many pins does a DDR Mirco-DIMM have?
172
How many pins does a DDR2 and DDR3 Mirco-DIMM have?
214
What enables and disables features on a motherboard?
Jumpers
Which type of memory adds a bit but can’t correct an error?
Parity
What does Parity memory do?
Adds a parity bit to check for errors but it can only inform you of errors, not correct them
Which type of memory can correct an error on the fly?
Error Correcting Code (EEC)
What can Error Correcting Code (EEC) memory do?
Correct an error in the memory on the fly
Does parity make even or odd numbers?
Even
What is another name for Registered Memory?
Buffered Memory
What does Registered Memory do?
Includes an additional register between the RAM module and the memory controller
Where is Registered memory mostly used?
Servers
How is Multi-Channel memory used?
Installed in pairs or trios for maximum throughput
What is installed in pairs or trios for maximum throughput?
Multi-Channel memory
What is Read Only Memory (ROM)?
It’s memory that can’t be changed or erased. It’s a good place to store BIOS settings
What is a type of memory that can’t be changed or erased?
Read Only Memory (ROM)
What is Programmable ROM (PROM)?
Memory that can be written to only once
What is the type of memory that can only be written to once?
Programmable ROM (PROM)
What is Erasable PROM (EPROM)?
It’s memory that can be written, erased and written again
What type of memory can be written to, erased, and written to again?
Erasable PROM (EPROM)
What type of ROM is in most computers?
Electrically Erasable PROM (EEPROM)
What is Electrically Erasable PROM (EEPROM)?
It can be rewritten again and again electronically (Flash Drives, SSD)
What type of memory can be rewritten again and again electronically?
Electrically Erasable PROM (EEPROM)
What type of memory is often used in processor caches?
Static RAM (SRAM)
Where is SRAM often used?
In processor caches
What does Dynamic RAM (DRAM) need to do constantly?
It needs to be constantly refreshed or the data disappears
Why is Dynamic RAM (DRAM) randomly accesed?
Information can be pulled quicker
What is Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM)?
A type of memory that is synchronous with the common system clock
Which type of memory is synced with a common system clock?
Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM)
What is what is difference between DDR and SDR?
DDR can send data twice as fast as SDR
How many pins does DDR have?
184 pins
Which is faster SDR or DDR?
DDR
Which type of memory has 184 pins?
DDR
How do you get the naming convention for RAM (ie.PC1600)?
Take the transfer speed (200) and multiply that by 8 to get the name (PC1600)
What is the name (Pcxxxx) for DDR-200?
PC1600
What is the name (DDR-xxx) for PC1600?
DDR-200
What is the name (Pcxxxx) for DDR-266?
PC2100
What is the name (Pcxxxx) for DDR-333?
PC2700
What is the name (Pcxxxx) for DDR-400?
PC3200
What is the name (DDR-xxx) for PC2100?
DDR-266
What is the name (DDR-xxx) for PC2700?
DDR-333
What is the name (DDR-xxx) for PC3200?
DDR-400
How much faster DDR2 than DDR?
Twice as fast DDR
Which is faster DDR2 or DDR?
DDR2
How many pins does DDR2 have?
240 pins
Which type of memory has 240 pins? (2)
DDR2 and DDR3
Is DDR2 backwards compatible with DDR?
No
What is the naming convention for DDR2 memory?
DDR2-xxx PC2-xxxx
If a memory clock speed is 100 MHz what does the I/O bus speed need to be for DDR?
100 MHz
If a memory clock speed is 100 MHz what does the I/O bus speed need to be for DDR2?
200 MHz
If a memory clock speed is 100 MHz what does the I/O bus speed need to be for DDR3?
400 MHz
If the memory clock speed is 100 Mhz and the I/O bus speed is 200 MHz what is the DDR speed?
DDR-200
If the memory clock speed is 100 Mhz and the I/O bus speed is 400 MHz what is the DDR speed?
DDR3-800
What should you do if you a expansion cards isn’t going into a slot?
Don’t try to jam it in there. Check to see if you have the right kind of card for that slot
Where is a WWAN cards found?
Usually found in laptops
What type of PCI is a WWAN card? (2)
Mini PCI or Mini PCI Express
What is a WWAN card used for?
Used to connect to the Internet without a Wifi or Ethernet present
What connection is TV tuners mostly used with?
Standard F connecter
What uses a standard F connector?
TV tuners
If a expansion card is too tall for a case what can we use to make it fit?
Riser Card
How much can a CD-ROM hold?
Up to 700 MB
How much can a DVD-ROM hold?
Up to 4.7 GB
How much can a Dual Layer DVD-ROM hold?
Up to 8.5 GB
How much can a Blu-Ray hold?
Up to 25 GB
How much can a Dual Layer Blu-Ray hold?
Up to 50 GB
Which optical format can hold up to 700 MB?
CD-ROM
Which optical format can hold up to 4.7 GB?
DVD-ROM
Which optical format can hold up to 8.5 GB?
Dual Layer DVD-ROM
Which optical format can hold up to 25 GB?
Blu-Ray
Which optical format can hold up to 50 GB?
Dual Layer Blu-Ray
How does commercial devices write to optical media?
They create tiny bumps on the disk
How does retail devices write optical media?
They burn the photosensitive dye
Which types of optical media can be rewriteable?
RW and for Blu-Ray (BD-RE)
Which types of optical media can only be recorded once?
R (ie DVD-R, BD-R)
How does a Hard Disk Drive (HHD) operate?
By spinning platters inside of the HHD
What is the Average Latency on a 10,000 RPM HHD?
3 ms
What is the Average Latency on a 7,200 RPM HHD?
4.16 ms
What is the Average Latency on a 5,400 RPM HHD?
5.55 ms
What does RW mean on optical media?
Rewritable
What does R mean on optical media?
Recordable
What is the RPM of a HDD if it has a average latency of 3 ms?
10,000 RPM
What is the RPM of a HDD if it has a average latency of 4.16 ms?
7,200 RPM
What is the RPM of a HDD if it has a average latency of 5.55 ms?
5,400 RPM
What is the common RPMs of HDD? (3)
10,000 / 7,200 / 5,400
What does the platters on a HDD spin around?
Spindle
What is a spindle?
It is what the platters inside of a HDD spin around
What moves the arm back and forth on a HDD?
Actuator
What does an actuator do?
Moves the arm back and forth on an HDD
What read and writes information onto the platter of a HDD?
Head
What does the head on a HDD do?
It reads and writes information onto the platter of a HDD
Which is faster SSD or HDD?
Solid State Drive (SSD)
What does an SSD use as memory?
Flash Memory
What is a Solid State Hybrid Drive (SSHD)?
It combines a spinning drive and a SSD into a single device
What combines a spinning drive and a SSD?
Solid State Hybrid Drive (SSHD)
What does a SSHD do different?
It caches the slower spinning hard drive data onto the flash memory
What is a hot swappable drive?
You can add and remove drives while the system is running
What type of devices can be hot swappable? (4)
USB, Firewire, SATA, eSATA
Is a USB device hot swappable?
Yes
Is a Firewire device hot swappable?
Yes
Is a SATA device hot swappable?
Yes
Is a eSata device hot swappable?
Yes
What does USB flash drives use as memory?
EEPROM flash memory
What is a plus for USB flash drives?
Non-volatile memory and it needs no power to retain data
What is a negative for USB flash drives?
It has a limited number of writes
What is the different types of flash memory (7)
USB flash drive, CompactFlash(CF), Secure Digital(SD), miniSD, mircoSD, xD-Picture Card, eMMC
What is the common flash memory type in mobile devices?
eMMC
What is tape drive commonly used for?
Archival purposes
How does tape drives store data?
With a magnetic tape with sequential storage
What type of format does tape drives use?
Linear Tape-Open (LTO)
Which type of storage device uses the Linear Tape-Open format?
Tape Drives
Which types of flash drive uses EEPROM flash memory?
USB flash drives
What type of flash drive has nonvolatile memory and it needs no power to retain data?
USB flash drive
Which provides a higher performance? Software or hardware based RAID?
Hardware
Which RAID does just striping?
RAID 0
What does striping do in RAID systems?
It splits the file blocks between two or more drives
What is a negative for RAID 0?
It has no redundancy. If one drive fails everything is lost
What is a positive for RAID 0?
High performance so the data can be written quickly
What does RAID 0 do?
Striping only
What does RAID 1 do?
Mirroring only
Which RAID does just mirroring?
RAID 1
What is RAID mirroring?
File blocks are duplicated between multiple physical drives
What is a positive for RAID 1?
High redundancy. If one drive fails you have a backup
What is a negative for RAID 1?
Requires double the disk space you would normally need
What does RAID 5 do?
Striping with parity
Which type of RAID does striping with parity?
RAID 5
How many disks does RAID 5 need?
Atleast 3
What does RAID 1+0 do?
A Stripe of mirrors
How many drives does RAID 1+0 need?
4
Which RAID does a stripe of mirrors?
RAID 1+0
What dissipates heat through thermal conduction?
Heat sink
What does a heat sink do?
Dissipates heath through thermal conduction
What is a heat sink commonly made of? (2)
Copper or aluminum alloy
What is the adhesive that is between the CPU and the heat sink?
Thermal paste
What does thermal paste do?
It is the adhesive between the CPU and the heat sink that creates a good contact between them
How much thermal paste should you apply?
A small dab. Too much and it can become counter intuitive
What is the standard size for case fans? (3)
80 mm / 120 mm / 200 m
What does liquid cooling do?
Cools the computer by circulating coolant