Compressive and thermal stresses Flashcards
Most engineering materials can be divided into three groups:
- ductile
- brittle
- composite
Thermal stresses can be…
tensile or compressive.
Ductile materials
such as copper, aluminum and steel, tend to have approx. same strength in compression as they have in tension. Their main usefulness is in their ability to withstand considerable tensile stress.
Brittle materials
such as cast iron, bricks, masonry and concrete, have low tensile strength. They usually withstand high compressive loads and are employed in heavy masses for building foundations, piers and dams.
UCS stands for
Ultimate Compressive Strength
UCS equals
force causing crashing failure (in Newtons) divided by cross-sectional area (in mm2)
Composite materials are
fiberglass and reinforced concrete.
Compressive strength of concrete…
(esp. that of bricks) varies so greatly that no single figure can be given. Typical values ranges between 10 N/mm2 and 80 N/mm2, with an average of about 20 N/mm2.
Density (p, rho) equals…
volume (m3=cubic meter)
Volume (in m3)=
Area (in m2) • Length (in m)
Mass =
V (Volume in m3) • d (Density in kg/m3)
Weight =
m (mass in kg) • 9.81 N/kg
Compressive stress (fc in MPa) =
A (in mm2)
