Compression Flashcards
Anti embolism stockings
Knee high or thigh high stockings that provide low compression force to prevent DVT formation
Compression
The application of mechanical force that increases external pressure on a body part to reduce swelling, improve circulation, or modify scar tissue formation
Deep vein thrombosis
Blood clot in a deep vein
Edema
Swelling caused by increased fluid in the interstitial spaces of the body
Hydrostatic pressure
Pressure exerted by a fluid, for example, in the bv. Determined by the force of the heart and gravity and contributes to movement of fluid into or out of bv and lymphatics.
Hypertrophic scarring
Excessive scarring with raised and ridged appearance that does not extend beyond the boundaries of the original site of skin injury. This type of scar has poor flexibility and can result in contract urges or poor cosmesis
Intermittent compression
Pressure that is alternately applied and released and usually applied by pneumatic compression pump
Keloid
Excessive scarring that extends beyond boundaries of original site of skin injury
Long stretch bandage
An elastic bandage that can extend by 100% to 200% and provides high resting pressure. Aka high stretch bandage
Lymphatic fluid
Fluid rich in protein, water, and macrophages that is removed from the interstitial space by lymphatic system and returned to the venous system. Aka lymph
Lymphatic system
Vessels and nodes designed to carry excess fluid from interstitial space to the venous system and to filter fluid, remove bacteria and foreign particles
Lymphedema
Swelling caused by excess lymphatic fluid in the interstitial space
Osmotic pressure
Pressure determined by the concentration of proteins inside and outside blood vessels that contributes to movement of fluid into or out of blood vessels and lymphatics
Phlebitis
Inflammation of veins; most common cause of venous insufficiency
Resting pressure
Pressure exerted by elastic when put on stretch
Short stretch bandage
A bandage w low elasticity and 30-90% extension that provides low resting pressure but high working pressure during muscle activity.aka low stretch bandage
Static compression
Steady application of pressure
Unna’s boot
A semirigid bandage made of zinc oxide impregnated gauze that is applied to the lower extremity to exert pressure
Venous insufficiency
Decreased ability of veins to return blood to the heart
Venous stasis ulcer
An area of tissue breakdown and necrosis that occurs as a result of impaired venous return
Working pressure
Pressure produced by active muscles pushing against an inelastic bandage
Compression is used to:
Control peripheral edema
Prevent deep vein thrombosis
Limit shaping after amputation
Compression is not used for
Treating pts w ulcers caused by ARTERIAL insufficiency.
Correct sequence for lymphatic flow
Veins to interstitial space to lymphatic capillaries to subclavian vein back to venous circulation
What may result in edema?
Increased extravasation of fluid into interstitial space
Reduced venous flow
Reduced flow of lymph back to heart
How do healthy lymphatic vessels and veins propel forward fluid flow?
By muscle contractions and back flow of fluid is prevented by valves within vessels
Adverse consequences of edema include
Subcutaneous tissue fibrosis
Contractures and deformities
Increased risk of infection
Compression reduces edema by:
Increasing hydrostatic pressure into circulation
Compression garments used to minimize hypertrophic scarring should provide how much pressure?
20-30mm Hg or pressure
High extensible bandages have
High resting pressure
Low stretch bandages have
High working pressure
Wen applying compression pumps u should
Cover open wounds
Measure and record blood pressure
Record limb circumference before and after
What are stockings with less than 30mm Hg used for ?
Prevention of deep vein thrombosis formation in bed bound patients
