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Medsurg final > comprehensive MS2 portion > Flashcards

comprehensive MS2 portion Flashcards

1
Q

angina is

A

chest pain, pressure, or discomfort

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2
Q

unstable angina is

A

not relieved by rest or nitro

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3
Q

NSTEMI

A

partial occlusion

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4
Q

STEMI

A

total occlusion

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5
Q

stable angina is relieved by

A

rest and nitro

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6
Q

nitroglycerin (NTG) causes

A

vasodilation which can cause a headache and tingly sensation in the patient

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7
Q

nitro can be administered __ times, ___ min apart

A

3 times, 5 min apart

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8
Q

no _____ meds when taking NTG

A

erectile dysfunction

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9
Q

nitro treats

A

angina

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10
Q

angina Ix (8)

A
  • rest
  • ekg
  • nitro
  • vitals
  • morphine
  • O2
  • nitro
  • asprin
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11
Q

angina teaching (2)

A
  • take nitro prophylactically before sex

- avoid isometric exercise

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12
Q

antianginal meds

A
  • nitrates
  • beta blockers
  • ccbs
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13
Q

cholesterol lvls should be

A

200 or less

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14
Q

LDL is

A

bad cholesterol

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15
Q

HDL

A

good cholesterol

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16
Q

female MIs take longer to ID because

A

they present w epigastric/back pain, or SOB and fatigued; not typical MI pain

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17
Q

MI Dx

A

troponin lvls

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18
Q

troponin greater than ___ indicates an MI

A

0.5

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19
Q

MI Ix (MONA)

A

morphine
O2
nitro
asprin

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20
Q

a fib pts are at risk for

A

stroke

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21
Q

afib tx

A

anticoags

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22
Q

aflutter looks like

A

saw tooth

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23
Q

aflutter tx

A

anticoags

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24
Q

vtach causes

A

impaired cardiac output

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25
Q

vfib is

A

EMERGENT

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26
Q

vfib pts need

A

CPR, defib

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27
Q

atropine elevates

A

HR

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28
Q

adenosine restarts

A

the heart

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29
Q

endocarditis/pericarditis causes (2)

A
  • rheumatic heart disease

- dental procedures

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30
Q

endocarditis s/s (5)

A
  • fever
  • chills
  • night sweats
  • murmurs
  • symptoms of HF
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31
Q

pericarditis s/s (3)

A
  • sudden sharp pain
  • pericardial friction rub
  • fever
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32
Q

pericardiocentesis procedure

A

removes fluid from pericardium

33
Q

pericardiocentesis positioning

A

tripod

34
Q

valvular heart diseases can be

A

stenosis or regurgitation

35
Q

mitral stenosis patho

A

blood regurgitated back into L. atrium from L. ventricle

36
Q

mitral stenosis is commonly caused by

A

rheumatic fever

37
Q

mitral stenosis Tx (4)

A

valve replacement
anticoags
dental procedures
prophylactic antibiotics

38
Q

shock can lead to

A

SIRS, MODS, DIC and death

39
Q

What are the 5 types of shock?

A
  1. Hypovolemic
  2. Cardiogenic
  3. Neurogenic
  4. Anaphylactic
  5. Septic
40
Q

which shocks have decreased BP and increased HR

A

all but neuro

41
Q

which shock has a drop in BP and HR

A

neurogenic

42
Q

hypovolemic shock is caused by

A

loss of fluid vol

43
Q

how is hypovol shock treated (2)

A

albumin

blood trans if hgb less than 8

44
Q

cardiogenic shock is caused by

A

damage to heart muscle; decreased perfusion

45
Q

neurogenic shock is caused by

A

spinal cord injury

46
Q

septic shock is caused by

A

infection

47
Q

what is ARDS

A

fluid in alveoli; interferes w gas exchange

48
Q

ARDs s/s (9)

A 
Early:
-restless
-tachycardia
-anxiety
-dyspnea
Late: 
-sepsis
-decreased LOC
-crackles
-rhonchi
-resp distress
49
Q

ARDS Ix (6)

A
  • clear secretions
  • effective cough
  • BIPAP/CPAP
  • elevate HOB
  • oral hygiene
  • intubation
50
Q

what is a pneumothorax

A

part of lung closed by air/blood

51
Q

pneumothorax s/s (2)

A
  • absent lung sounds

- tracheal deviation

52
Q

chest tube continuous bubbling could indicate

A

air leak

53
Q

pyelonephritis is

A

UTI gone bad

54
Q

glomerulonephritis is

A

inflam of kidneys

55
Q

glomerulonephritis is caused by

A

strep a

56
Q

glomerulonephritis pts are at risk for

A

FVO

57
Q

glomerulonephritis pts should have what restricted?

A

protein

58
Q

nephrotic syndrome is

A

increased permeability of kidneys; little holes

59
Q

nephrotic syndrome s/s (2)

A

proteinuria

low bp

60
Q

nephrotic synd Tx

A

protein then diuretics

61
Q

obstructive uropathy is

A

renal calculi

62
Q

AKI 3 phases

A
  1. Oliguric: urinating little
  2. Diuretic: little better
  3. Recovery: can take up to a year
63
Q

chronic renal failure diet

A
  • low protein
  • low sodium
  • increased milk, eggs, meat
  • increase calories, 2500/day
64
Q

epogen causes

A

bone pain

65
Q

normal albumin lvls

A

3.5-5.0

66
Q

Hepatitis that comes from bowel

A

A, E

67
Q

hepatitis w vaccines

A

A, B

68
Q

hepatitis that comes from blood

A

B, C

69
Q

icteric is

A

clay colored stools, dark urine

70
Q

hepatitis Ix (4)

A
  • increase cal
  • sm freq meals
  • avoid alcohol/aspirin
  • wash hands!
71
Q

cirrhosis leads to

A

cirrhosis->portal HTN->edema->ascites->esophageal varices->hepatic encephalopathy

72
Q

esophageal varices put the patient at risk for

A

high rx bleeding

73
Q

encephalopathy is

A

increased ammonia lvls

74
Q

encephalopathy tx

A

lactulose

75
Q

asterixis is

A

hand tremor

76
Q

cirrhosis leads to decreased __ &___

A

Na+ & K+

77
Q

pancreatitis is caused by

A

alcohol

78
Q

cushings triad is

A

widening pulse pressure
systolic HTN
kussmaul resp

79
Q

parkland formula

A

4mlxTBSAxKg

Medsurg final (3 decks)

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