COMPREHENSIVE EXAM (12-14-21) Flashcards
It deals with the statistical processes and methods applied to the analysis of biological phenomenons.
BIOSTATISTICS
It refers to the occurrence of health-related events by time, place and person
PATTERN
Is the study of the distribution and determinants of disease or health outcomes in specified populations, and the application of this study to the control of health problems.
EPIDEMIOLOGY
Uses of Epidemiology
PREVENTION
INTERVENTION
Are any factor, whether event, characteristic, or other definable entity, that brings about a change in a health condition or other defined characteristic.
DETERMINANTS
It evaluates intervention in the population.
EPIDEMIOLOGY
Refers to the group of people affected by the event.
SPECIFIC POPULATIONS
Is use to develop target and evaluate prevention strategies.
EPIDEMIOLOGY
Is anything that affects the well-being of a population.
HEALTH-RELATED STATE OR EVENTS
It involves applying the knowledge gained by the studies to community-based practice.
APPLICATION
- Refers to the relationship to a certain number of cases/events of the actual population size.
- Quantitative aspect
- Actual number of cases/diseases
FREQUENCY
It includes geographic variation, urban/rural differences, and location of work sites or schools.
PLACE PATTERNS
May be an annual, seasonal, weekly, daily, hourly, weekday versus weekend, or any other breakdown of time that may influence disease or injury occurrence.
TIME PATTERNS
It includes demographic factors which may be related to the risk of illness, injury, or disability such as age, sex, marital status, and socioeconomic status, as well as behaviors and environmental exposures.
PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS
Is concerned with the frequency and pattern of health events in a population
EPIDEMIOLOGY
Identify what level of Public Health Prevention, when:
- It occurs after the health outcome (disease), but before symptoms
- Disease has occurred
- Aims to find and treat disease early which may cure disease;
a. Primary Level
b. Secondary Level
c. Tertiary Level
b. SECONDARY
Identify what level of Public Health Prevention, when:
- Already has the symptoms of the disease (or health outcomes)
- Goal is to prevent damage and pain from the disease; slow down disease progression and prevent complications; help people recover.
a. Primary Level
b. Secondary Level
c. Tertiary Level
c. Tertiary Level
Identify what level of Public Health Prevention, when:
- It occurs before the person gets the health outcome (disease)
- Tries to prevent the health outcome for occurring
- reduce the prevalence, risk and rate of health outcome
a. Primary Level
b. Secondary Level
c. Tertiary Level
a. Primary Level
Identify what level of Public Health Intervention, when:
= Promote health by altering the structural context
= Changing the physical, social and economic factors in the environment to improve public health
= it involves the public and community to change outcome of a disease.
a. Individual
b. Structural
b. Structural
Identify what level of Public Health Intervention, when:
= Approaches rely on assumption that people have the autonomy and capacity to make choices.
= Changing individual behavior or risk factors
a. Individual
b. Structural
a. Individual
= Is the study of the distribution and determinants of disease or health outcomes in specified populations. = The application of this study is to control health problems
EPIDEMIOLOGY
Is used to describe and evaluate role of public health.
EPIDEMIOLOGY
= Describes the characteristics of place,
person, time
= Hypothesis generation cannot test
hypothesis
DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY
Aims to research and study risk factors and preventive factors
ANALYTICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
What are the two Perspective of Epidemiology in Health
Biological Perspective
Population Perspective
A perspective in epidemiology that focuses on social, psychological and environmental factors that are associated with health outcomes.
Population Perspective
A perspective in epidemiology where the occurrence of health outcomes, or disease in populations, is impacted by immediate causal agents as well as other factors. Example of it is housing.
Population Perspective
Biological Perspective
