Compounds & Bonds

Question 1

Matter around us consists mainly of ________

Answer 1

mixtures

Question 2

Mixtures often contain _________, which include 2+ atoms. Compounds can be in the _____, _______, or __________ form

Answer 2

compounds
solid, liquid, gas

Question 3

Define: Compound

Answer 3

a distinct substance that is composed of the atoms of two or more elements and always contains exactly the same relative masses of those elements

Question 4

Element or Compound: H2

Answer 4

Element

Question 5

Element or Compound: NaCl

Answer 5

Compound

has two atoms

Question 6

Element or Compound: He

Answer 6

Element

Question 7

Know the periodic table trend for atomic size

Answer 7

Atomic size increases from right to left and up to down

Question 8

Using the periodic table, which element has the larger atomic size:
Ba vs. Ge

Answer 8

Ba has the larger atomic size in comparision to Ge

Question 9

Elements that are in the uncombined state are the elements in Group _______

Answer 9

VIIIA (8) - Noble Gases

Question 10

Why are the noble gases also called inert gases/non-reactive?

Answer 10

They are called inert gasses/non-reactive because the noble gases have 8 valence electrons, which fulfills the Octet Rule and makes them very stable

Question 11

T/F: All elements in Group VIII contain 8 valence electrons

Answer 11

False, He is the only element in group VIIIA that does NOT have 8 valence electrons. He only has two valence electrons

Question 12

Know what a compound can be divided into, and what it can be further divided into

Answer 12

COMPOUND

• Ionic
  -> Ions
  -» Cation (+)
  -» Anion (-)
• Covalent

Question 13

How many hydrogens are in H₂O?

Answer 13

2 Hydrogens

Question 14

SO₃ has ______ oxygens atoms

Answer 14

3

Question 15

A molecule has 4 phosphorus atoms and 10 oxygen atoms. Write out the correct chemical formula

Answer 15

P₄O₁₀

Question 16

What is the chemical formula for methane hydrate? What did the professor tell us in class about this molecule?

Answer 16

CH₄6H₂O

Scientists remove the H2O to isolate the methane. Methane can be used as an E source so that we wouldnt need gas.

Question 17

Define: Diatomic Molecule

Answer 17

A molecule with 2 atoms

Question 18

List all the diatomic molecules

Answer 18

• N₂
• H₂
• O₂
  Any Halogens
• F₂
• Cl₂
• Br₂
• I₂

Question 19

Know the types of matter

Answer 19

Matter

• Pure Substance
  -> Elements (He, Zn)
  -> Compounds (H₂O, NaCl)
• Mixture
  -> Homogenous (salt + water)
  -> Heterogenous (oil + water)

Question 20

Define: Monoatomic Ions

Answer 20

a single atom with a positive or negative charge
(Ex: Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Br⁻)

Question 21

Cation or Anion: Ca²⁺

Answer 21

Cation

Question 22

Cation or Anion: Br⁻

Answer 22

Anion

Question 23

Why do atoms gain/lose electrons to become an ion?

Answer 23

They do this because they want to fulfill the octet rule to become stable

Question 24

Know the charges trends for the groups

Answer 24

• Group 1: +1
• Group 2: +2
• Group 3: +3
• Group 4: +4
• Group 5: -3
• Group 6: -2
• Group 7: -1
• Group 8: 0
• Transition metals: cations vary from +1 -> +7

Question 25

T/F: Ionic Compounds consists of cations and anions, where electrons are shared between atoms

Answer 25

False, although ionic compounds do consist of cations and anions, they DO NOT share electrons. In ionic compounds, electrons TRANSFER from one atom to another

Question 26

Name 2 characteristics of ionic compounds

Answer 26

• strong attraction between ions
• high melting point (ex: NaCl = 800C mp)

Question 27

Write the correct chemical formula for this binary compound: Lithium Oxide

Do Compound Practice Worksheet

Answer 27

Li₂O

Question 28

How do you name compounds that contain 2 elements, like NaCl?

Answer 28

• KEEP metal
• CHANGE nonmetal
• drop -ine and add -ide

Sodium Chlorine -> Sodium Chloride

Question 29

Write out in owrds the name of each of the following compounds: KCl

Answer 29

Potassium Chloride