Composition/Unity

Question 1

In perspective, what is ground plane?

Answer 1

The horizontal plane where the artist is standing.

Question 2

In perspective, what is the center of vision?

Answer 2

The point on the horizon immediately opposite the eye

Question 3

In perspective, what is the vanishing point?

Answer 3

That is where parallel lines converge.

Question 4

What is plane linear perspective?

Answer 4

When Objects closer to the point of site appear bigger than those which are further away

Question 5

What is the point of site?

Answer 5

The position from which an object is seen and drone is called the station point or point of sight

Question 6

What is angular perspective?

Answer 6

Placement which causes two faces of an object to be oblique to the picture plane; parallel lines converge on two vanishing points on the horizon.

Question 7

What is three point oblique perspective?

Answer 7

Placement which causes three faces of an object to be oblique to the picture plane and parallel lines converge on two vanishing points on the horizon.

Question 8

What is curvilinear perspective?

Answer 8

Made on a curved rather than flat picture plane

Question 9

Cylindrical or panorama perspective?

Answer 9

Shows a picture like a panorama; the Picture plane itself may be a cylinder

Question 10

Spherical perspective?

Answer 10

Projection onto a spherical Picture plane; similar to the effects created by a wide angle lens photograph where lines appear to be curved.

Question 11

What are the two basic categories of perspective?

Answer 11

Aerial: refers to atmospheric effects on objects in space and can be seen as diminishing tones for objects which are receding from view.
Linear: describes the process of seeing lines on objects from various angles converge and diverge. The position from which an object is seen and drawn is called the station point or point of sight.

Question 12

Use of line:

Answer 12

Line is fundamental to the expression of movement and mass. Motion is almost always expressed by line, through repetition, convergent planes, in three-dimensional volume or mass.

Question 13

Use of line: what are the three main groups of lines?

Answer 13

Contour, calligraphic, and tonal.
Contour: drawing the outline of a subject.
Calligraphic: capturing emotion and expression through the use of line.
Tonal: using gradations in line shading.

Question 14

Use of tone:

Answer 14

Is a representation of shifting variable qualities of light through intensity and direction of flow. Can indicate passage from light to deep shadow in areas of one color. It is useful in monochrome work. In representational painting, tone is essential in creating the illusion of form, space and depth.

Question 15

Use of color

Answer 15

Color choices maybe used to balance compositions so that the eye is not drawn to anyone element or area, for building indeterminate forms like water colored renditions of clouds, to render sharply defined forms through adjacent contrasting colors, to convey a mood, to control light and shadow.

Question 16

Spatial depth can be described by…

Answer 16

Advancing and receding color (warmer colors used to indicate close proximity and cooler colors indicate farther away), diminishing detail (less detail on items farther away), overlapping planes (near figures interposed over those further back), position in the picture plane (items closer towards the bottom of the picture), aerial perspective of color (items farther away are paler and less distinct), convergent diagonals, and transparency.

Question 17

Kinetic art can include…

Answer 17

Optical phenomena, transformations, movable works, machines, light play, movement itself

Question 18

What do some critics and philosophers say that the proper definition of art is?

Answer 18

Art is one in which knowledge far surpasses superficial aesthetics in importance.

Question 19

Where does true art appreciation come from?

Answer 19

It requires some understanding of the creative process involved in production or some particular insight into the thoughts and feelings of the creator. Ideally, art is best appreciated when one considers both dimensions.

Question 20

Value

Answer 20

Refers to the relative lightness or darkness of a color.

Question 21

Definition of Shade

Answer 21

Made by adding black to a hue

Question 22

Definition of tone

Answer 22

Made by adding gray to a hue

Question 23

Definition of Achromatic

Answer 23

Black, white and grays. Artwork executed without color.

Question 24

Chroma

Answer 24

The intensity, strength or purity of a color.

Question 25

Definition of secondary colors

Answer 25

Orange, violent, green; each is midway between the primaries from which you can be mixed.

Question 26

Shade, definition of

Answer 26

Using a mixture of black mixed with the color to make it darker. The opposite of shade is tint

Question 27

Definition of tint

Answer 27

Combining white with the color to make it lighter. The opposite of shade

Question 28

Definition of bisque

Answer 28

The first firing of clay in a kiln and the point at which water can no longer be added

Question 29

Definition of ceramics

Answer 29

Used to describe the shaping, finishing and firing of clay

Question 30

Definition of greenware

Answer 30

Hardened but I’m fired clay. Can be made wet and turned back into a usable material.

Question 31

Definition of pinch pots

Answer 31

A process where an artist forms pot by pinching the clay to create a center opening

Question 32

Definition of slab built

Answer 32

Clay slabs are cut into shape and joined together with scoring and wet clay called slip

Question 33

Definition of stoneware

Answer 33

Sturdier than earth where, stoneware is waterproof even without being glazed

Question 34

Definition of terra-cotta

Answer 34

Commonly used for ceramic sculpture, it is a brownish orange earthenware clay

Question 35

Elements of art

Answer 35

Line, shape, form, value, space, color, texture.

Question 36

Principal of art

Answer 36

Rhythm, balance, emphasis/contrast, gradation, harmony, variety, movement.

Question 37

What is kaolin

Answer 37

kaolin, also called china clay, soft white clay. Creates a translucent porcelain like finish. Is an essential ingredient in the manufacture of china and porcelain and is widely used in the making of paper, rubber, paint, and many other products. Kaolin is named after the hill in China (Kao-ling) from which it was mined for centuries. Samples of kaolin were first sent to Europe by a French Jesuit missionary around 1700 as examples of the materials used by the Chinese in the manufacture of porcelain.

Question 38

What is Raku

Answer 38

raku ware, Japanese lead-glazed earthenware, originally invented expressly for the tea ceremony in 16th-century Kyōto. Quite distinct from wares that preceded it, raku represents an attempt to arrive at a new kind of beauty by deliberate repudiation of existing forms. The shape of the vessels is extremely simple: a wide, straight-sided bowl set on a narrow base. Because raku wares are molded entirely by hand rather than thrown on a wheel, each piece clearly expresses the individuality of the maker’s hand; and pieces tend to be unique creations. The glaze colours include dark brown, light orange-red, straw colour, green, and cream.

Question 39

What is terra cotta

Answer 39

literally, any kind of fired clay but, in general usage, a kind of object—e.g., vessel, figure, or structural form—made from fairly coarse, porous clay that when fired assumes a colour ranging from dull ochre to red and usually is left unglazed. Most terra-cotta has been of a utilitarian kind because of its cheapness, versatility, and durability. Limitations in the basic materials often cause a superficial similarity between simply made works as far separated by time and distance as early Greece and the modern cultures of Latin America.

Question 40

What is stoneware

Answer 40

stoneware, pottery that has been fired at a high temperature (about 1,200° C [2,200° F]) until vitrified (that is, glasslike and impervious to liquid). Although usually opaque, some stoneware is so thinly potted that it is somewhat translucent. Because stoneware is nonporous, it does not require a glaze; when a glaze is used, it serves a purely decorative function. There are three main kinds of glaze: lead glaze, salt glaze, and feldspathic glaze (the same material used in the body and glaze of porcelain).

Question 41

What is a linocut

Answer 41

Linocut is a printmaking technique, a variant of woodcut in which a sheet of linoleum (sometimes mounted on a wooden block) is used for the relief surface. A design is cut into the linoleum surface with a sharp knife, V-shaped chisel or gouge, with the raised (uncarved) areas representing a reversal (mirror image)

Question 42

What is a lithograph

Answer 42

Lithography (from Ancient Greek λίθος, lithos, meaning “stone”, and γράφειν, graphein, meaning “to write”) is a method of printing originally based on the non mixability of oil and water.[1] Printing is from a stone (lithographic limestone) or a metal plate with a smooth surface. It was invented in 1796 by German author and actor Alois Senefelder as a cheap method of publishing theatrical works.