Composition Of Microbial Flora At Different Body Sites Flashcards
What’s the reason behind the low incidence infection of micriobial flora?
Becuase of the immune response of the body (immunocompetent)
When we say immunocompromised patients, we are what?
Easily get infections from microbial flora.
What are the mechanisms of the skin that inhibit the microbial flora to invade?
Fatty acids and lipid secretion
Excretion of lysozyme of Sweat glands
Desquamation of epithelium
Most microbial flora in skin found in ____.
- Most superficial layers of cells
- upper parts of the hair follicles
T or 9
99.9% of bacteria will be eliminated in the skin if we scrub or wash our body.
False- 90%
The composition of the flora in skin depends on the activity of the___.
sebaceous or sweat glands
Organisms concentrate the most in moist area like.
Perineum
Armpit/axillae
Groin
They are usually found in moist areas such as axillae or between toes.
Aerobic diptheroids
These microbial flora reside in hair follicles and colonize the sebaceous gland.
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Propionibacterium spp.
T or F
The presence of skin bacteria supports the growth of other pathogenic spp.
False - they inhibit the other pathogens.
Why do apocrine glands produce amine/foul odor?
Because the secretes subs. were metabolized by the bacteria, which causes bad odor.
T or F
Staphylococcus epidermidis can be inhibited through lipids and fatty acids.
False- this species is resistant
They are common microbial flora found in the skin except:
A. Staphylococcus spp.
B. Streptococcus spp.
C. Clostridium spp.
D. Candida spp.
B. Streptococcus spp.
What microbial flora dominates the mouth?
Streptococcus spp.
Where does the flora usually bind inside the mouth?
A. Tongue
B. Teeth surface
C. Buccal mucosa
D. Tonsils
B. Teeth surface
C. Buccal mucosa
T or F
Plaquein teeth contain 10^11 streptococci per gram
True
What is/are the results of plaque?
Results in low oxidation-reduction potential, which fermentation occurs and produce lactic acid that causes cavity.
Respiratory tract is divide into two parts.
Upper Respiratory tract
Lower Respiratory tract
Upoer Respiratory tract is composed of what?
mouth, nasopharynx, orapharynx, and larynx.
The lower respiratory tract consists of what?
Trachea, bronchi, pulmonary parenchyma
The organs that are protected by the action of ciliary epithelial
Trachea, bronchi ,lungs
the upper respiratory tract is usually dominant by:
Viridans streptococci
Viridans of strep. Found in respiratory tract.
Common:
Streptococcus mitis
Streptococcus mutans
Streptococcus milleri
Streptococcus sanguis
Moraxella catarrhalis
Neisseria spp.
Diptheroids
Obligates anaerobes reside in ____ where an anaerobic environment support them to live.
Gingival crevices
Example of opportunistic pathogen
S. Aureus
What are the additional species of flora can be found in nasopharynx?
Haemophilus influenzae
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Neisseria meningitis
T or F
Individual who are hospitalized for several days may become colonized in the upper RT by gram-positive bacteria.
False- gram negative like enterobacteriaceae
The oropharynx usually contains a viridans group. what are they?
Strep. mitis
Strep. mutans
Strep. milleri
Strep. sanguis
Strep. salivarius
Aside from the viridans group found in oropharynx, what are the others??
Diptheroids, Moraxella catarrhalis
Comprises the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and colon.
Gastrointestinal tract
T or F
Microbial flora usually multiplies in the esophagus and stomach.
False
What components protect the stomach?
- Gastric juice, which has HCL with 1 pH
- some acids and enzyme
What microorganisms ca survive inside the stomach?
- Spore forming bacteria
- cysts of parasites
- Helicobacter pylori
T or F
Stomach totally kills all bacteria.
False- it only minimizes the microbial flora tha reach to intestine
T or F
Obligate anaerobes make up 90% of microbial flora in large intestine.
True
T or F
Small intestines contain few organisms came from the stomach.
False- it came from colon
What organisms is/are usually present in the large intestine?
A. Gram negative bacilli
B. Gram negative cocci
C. Yeast
D. P. aeruginosa
B,C,D
The gastrointestinal tract population may be altered by ____.
Antibiotics
T or F
When a particular population of microorganisms eradicated antibiotics, other members of indigenous flora are able to proliferate.
True
The alteration of GIT can cause severe
A. Necrotizing enterocolitis(C. difficile)
B. Diarrhea (C. albicans, S. aureus)
C. Both
D. None of the above
C.
All are common microorganisms found in GIT except what?
A. Staphylococcus spp.
B. Clostridium spp.
C. Fusobacterium spp.
D. Eubacterium spp.
All aswers are correct
T or F
Kidney,bladder, and fallopian tubes are normally free of microorganisms.
True
Microbial flora found in the urethra usually came from what?
Skin
T or F
The composition of the vaginal flora is consistent with hormonal changes and age.
True
Before puberty and postmenopausal, the women vaginal consist of what microorganisms?
Yeast
Gram negative bacilli
Gram points cocci
Which statement is/are true about microbial flora during pregnancy?
A. The pregnant woman has high estrogen promotes to glycogen production in vaginal epithelial cells.
B. High-level glycogen can be prone in vaginal infection.
C. Lactobacilli metabolized the glycogen to maintain the pH low.
D. Low pH encourages the production of aaerobic gram - bacilli, gram + cocci, lactobacilli
All answers are correct
All are common microorganisms foun in Genitourinary tract except:
A. Lactobacillus spp.
B. Clostridium spp.
C. Candida albicans
D. Enterobacteriaceae
C and D
