Composition of Matter Flashcards
What is a substance composed of only one type of atom called?
An element.
What is a substance composed of more than one type of atom called?
A compound
What is the smallest possible division of a compound?
A molecule
What are the four states of matter?
- Solid
- Liquid
- Gas
- Plasma
What is the major factor used in determining the conductivity of certain metals?
A low number of valence electrons (which are easier to “knock” free).
Typically, how many valence electrons will be present in the material for:
- A conductor
- An insulator
- A semiconductor
- 1-3
- 5+
- 4
Can energy or matter ever be created or destroyed?
No, only interchanged.
What is matter?
What are it’s two properties?
Anything that has mass and occupies space.
Physical:
- Touch
- Sound
- Smell
- Sight
- Taste
Chemical:
- How it reacts to other substances
What is the most common form of matter in the universe?
Plasma.
What is a naturally occurring plasma seen on earth?
- The northern lights
- A lightning bolt
- A flame
- A fluorescent lamp.
What are two main particles found in the nucleus of an atom?
- Protons
- Neutrons.
How many protons and electrons does a neutral copper atom have?
29, with only one in it’s fourth (valence) electron shell.
Opposite charges “_____”, while like charges “_____”.
Attract
Repel
Does a positive ion have an abundance or shortage of electrons?
Shortage.
What is the atomic number and atomic mass of copper?
Atomic #: 29
Atomic mass: 63.546 units
