composite materials / modern materials

Question 1

what are composite materials

Answer 1

a material made up of 2 or more materials to enhance the properties of the new material

Question 2

list 6 composite materials

Answer 2

-reinforced concrete
-laminated wood
-carbon fibre
-reinforced concrete
-steel

Question 3

what are smart materials

Answer 3

smart materials are materials that change their properties due to an external stimuli then changes to the original afterwards

Question 4

list 6 smart materials

Answer 4

-shape memory alloys
-thermochromic pigment
-phosphorescent pigment
-photochromic pigment
-electroluminescent wire
-peizoelectric material

Question 5

what are the main properties of tungsten carbide

Answer 5

extremely hard, rigid and impact resistant

Question 6

what is tungsten carbide used for

Answer 6

-high speed cutting tools which get hot due to friction
-premium kitchen knifes
-surgical instruments
-jewellery

Question 7

what are the properties of carbon fibre

Answer 7

-directional force
-lightweight to strength ratio
-high tensile strength

Question 8

what is carbon fibre a combination of

Answer 8

carbon fibre and resin ( such as vinyl ester and epoxy

Question 9

what are the resistant properties of carbon fibre

Answer 9

-corrosion
-chemical
-largely thermal

Question 10

what are the main applications of carbon fibre

Answer 10

-premium cars
-wind turbines
-bike frames

Question 11

is glass reinforced plastic (GRP) a thermoset or thermosetting plastic

Answer 11

thermosetting (polyester or epoxy are combined with glass fibres

Question 12

what are the properties of GRP

Answer 12

-strong in tension with little compressive strength
-lightweight
-thermal insulation

Question 13

what is GRP used to make

Answer 13

-boats
-car body panels
-sculptures

Question 14

what is one advantage of GRP over carbon fibre

Answer 14

cheaper than carbon fibre

Question 15

what is aluminium composite board

Answer 15

it is a composite sheet material combining a polymer core faced with a thin sheet of aluminium

Question 16

what are some applications of ACB

Answer 16

signage and architectural cladding for wall panels

Question 17

what are some properties of of ACB

Answer 17

-easy to cut and form
-stable
-durable
-lightweight
-resistant to corrosion

Question 18

what are advantages of ACB compared to polymers

Answer 18

it doesn’t expand and contract due to weather nor will it warp

Question 19

what is fibre cement

Answer 19

cement mixed with cellulose fibres

Question 20

what is fibre cement used in

Answer 20

-cladding
-roofing
-building facades

Question 21

what are the properties of fibre cement

Answer 21

-durable
-lightweight
-resistant to weathering and chemicals

Question 22

list 4 mechanical properties

Answer 22

-tensile
-stiffness
-plasticity
-ductility

Question 23

list 4 physical properties

Answer 23

-mass
-hardness
-electrical and thermal conductivity

Question 24

what are the main uses of reinforced concrete

Answer 24

-bridges
-buildings in high risks of earth quakes
-sky scrapers
-high rises

Question 25

what are some stimuli's for smart materials

Answer 25

temp light pressure electrical current

Question 26

how do memory shape alloys work

Answer 26

either programmed to return to shape or an electrical current is ran through it

Question 27

how does phosphorescent pigments work

Answer 27

the materials absorb energy from natural or artificial light sources and re-emit the light in the dark

Question 28

how do photochromic pigments work

Answer 28

changes colour or opacity with the level or UV light in a reversible action

Question 29

how does electroluminescent wire work

Answer 29

the material is a copper wire coated in phosphor which glows when an alternating current is applied to it

Question 30

what are piezoelectric materials

Answer 30

materials that convert mechanical energy into electrical energy

Question 31

what types of materials do piezoelectric use

Answer 31

crystal, ceramic, bone ( quartz between 2 steel plates

Question 32

how do you program SMAs

Answer 32

with heat or a high electric current, activation to return to its original shape will be temperature

Question 33

what are SMAs used in

Answer 33

glasses, orthodontic braces or heat sensitive valves

Question 34

what stimulus do PE (piezoelectric) require

Answer 34

pressure or vibrations that are converted to an electrical charge which can be used or stored for later use

Question 35

what was the first PE material used for

Answer 35

ultrasonic detectors for for submarines

Question 36

what are modern materials

Answer 36

A modern material is a material that has been engineered to have improved properties, that have been discovered in the past 100 years

Question 37

what are the properties of fibre board

Answer 37

increased tensile strength, resistance to cracking and improved durability