composite materials / modern materials Flashcards
what are composite materials
a material made up of 2 or more materials to enhance the properties of the new material
list 6 composite materials
-reinforced concrete
-laminated wood
-carbon fibre
-reinforced concrete
-steel
what are smart materials
smart materials are materials that change their properties due to an external stimuli then changes to the original afterwards
list 6 smart materials
-shape memory alloys
-thermochromic pigment
-phosphorescent pigment
-photochromic pigment
-electroluminescent wire
-peizoelectric material
what are the main properties of tungsten carbide
extremely hard, rigid and impact resistant
what is tungsten carbide used for
-high speed cutting tools which get hot due to friction
-premium kitchen knifes
-surgical instruments
-jewellery
what are the properties of carbon fibre
-directional force
-lightweight to strength ratio
-high tensile strength
what is carbon fibre a combination of
carbon fibre and resin ( such as vinyl ester and epoxy
what are the resistant properties of carbon fibre
-corrosion
-chemical
-largely thermal
what are the main applications of carbon fibre
-premium cars
-wind turbines
-bike frames
is glass reinforced plastic (GRP) a thermoset or thermosetting plastic
thermosetting (polyester or epoxy are combined with glass fibres
what are the properties of GRP
-strong in tension with little compressive strength
-lightweight
-thermal insulation
what is GRP used to make
-boats
-car body panels
-sculptures
what is one advantage of GRP over carbon fibre
cheaper than carbon fibre
what is aluminium composite board
it is a composite sheet material combining a polymer core faced with a thin sheet of aluminium
what are some applications of ACB
signage and architectural cladding for wall panels
what are some properties of of ACB
-easy to cut and form
-stable
-durable
-lightweight
-resistant to corrosion
what are advantages of ACB compared to polymers
it doesn’t expand and contract due to weather nor will it warp
what is fibre cement
cement mixed with cellulose fibres
what is fibre cement used in
-cladding
-roofing
-building facades
what are the properties of fibre cement
-durable
-lightweight
-resistant to weathering and chemicals
list 4 mechanical properties
-tensile
-stiffness
-plasticity
-ductility
list 4 physical properties
-mass
-hardness
-electrical and thermal conductivity
what are the main uses of reinforced concrete
-bridges
-buildings in high risks of earth quakes
-sky scrapers
-high rises
what are some stimuli’s for smart materials
temp
light
pressure
electrical current
how do memory shape alloys work
either programmed to return to shape or an electrical current is ran through it
how does phosphorescent pigments work
the materials absorb energy from natural or artificial light sources and re-emit the light in the dark
how do photochromic pigments work
changes colour or opacity with the level or UV light in a reversible action
how does electroluminescent wire work
the material is a copper wire coated in phosphor which glows when an alternating current is applied to it
what are piezoelectric materials
materials that convert mechanical energy into electrical energy
what types of materials do piezoelectric use
crystal, ceramic, bone ( quartz between 2 steel plates
how do you program SMAs
with heat or a high electric current, activation to return to its original shape will be temperature
what are SMAs used in
glasses, orthodontic braces or heat sensitive valves
what stimulus do PE (piezoelectric) require
pressure or vibrations that are converted to an electrical charge which can be used or stored for later use
what was the first PE material used for
ultrasonic detectors for for submarines
what are modern materials
A modern material is a material that has been engineered to have improved properties, that have been discovered in the past 100 years
what are the properties of fibre board
increased tensile strength, resistance to cracking and improved durability
