Components Of Blood Flashcards
What happens to plasma when oxygenated blood reaches the capillaries?
Russell fluid is forces out of them and bathes the calls in oxygen and nutrient rich fluid.
Why are red blood cells red?
Contain red pigment haemoglobin: contains iron and iron attracts oxygen molecules
Oxygen + haemoglobin = oxyhemoglobin.
Name substances transported in the blood:
Oxygen: red blood cells: from lungs
CO2: plasma: from tissues
Urea: plasma: from kidneys
Antibodies: plasma: from white blood cells
Hormones: plasma: glands
Glucose/amino acids/lipids: plasma: from digestion in intestines and storage in liver.
What is hypothalamus? And name behavioural mechanisms to reduce this:
Too hot: temperature rises: vasodilation: sweating (evaporating): hair loses to reduce insulating layer of air.
Behavioural: move too shade, remove clothes
Hyperthermia: above 42C
What is homeostasis? And name behavioural mechanisms:
Too cold: hypothalamus detects temperature drop: vasoconstriction: shivering produces heat (from respiration): hair stands up, insulating layer of air
Behavioural: move to warm air, put on clothes
Hypothermia: less than 35C
What do red, white blood cells, plasma and platelets do?
Red: carry oxygen
White: immune response and antibodies
Plasma: carries dissolved nutrients and wastes: glucose and urea
Platelets: involved in production of the protein, Fibrin, used in blood clotting.
When does O2/CO2 diffuse in/out of body?
O2 = into tissues at beginning of body CO2 = differs out of tissues at end of body.
When does O2/CO2 diffuse in/out of body?
O2 = into tissues at beginning of body CO2 = differs out of tissues at end of body.
What is double circulation?
Heart is 2 pumps, efficient system as oxygenated and deoxygenated blood never mixes.
Give functions of left and right side of the heart:
Right: less muscular; only pumps blood to lungs
Left: more muscular because it has to pump blood around the whole body.
Explain the figure of 8:
Deoxygenated: through vena cava, through right atrium, pass through valves, into right ventricle and up pass pulmonary artery.
Oxygenated: from lungs, pass pulmonary vein, into left atrium and through valve, into left ventricle and up pass aorta and goes to body.
Name the blood vessels:
Arteries: thick, elastic, strong, narrow lumen and high blood pressure
Veins: thinner, less elastic, wide lumen, lower blood pressure
Capillaries: one cell thick, small diffusion distance.
When does O2 diffuse in/out of blood?
In = at the beginning of lungs Out = at the end of lungs into alveoli
