Components Of Atoms and Atomic Models

Question 1

John Dalton’s model

Answer 1

All matter is made of Atoms
Atoms of the same element have the same average mass, size, and unique properties
Atoms cannot be converted into atoms of another element through chemical reactions
Atoms of different elements combine in specific proportions to form compounds

Question 2

John Dalton’s Observation

Answer 2

Gases reacted in only whole numbers

Question 3

Joseph Thompson’s model

Answer 3

Atoms are positively charged spheres with embedded negative electrons

Question 4

Joseph Thompson’s Observation

Answer 4

the beam of particles within the cathode ray tube deflected towards the positively charged plate

Question 5

Ernest Rutherford’s first model

Answer 5

Atoms have a small dense nucleus with electrons traveling around it. The nucleus was made of individual particles which are equal in charge to that of the negative electrons.

Question 6

Ernest Rutherford’s first observation

Answer 6

most particles went straight through the foil, but sime deflected.

Question 7

Niels Bohr’s model

Answer 7

Electrons are only found in specific allowable energy levels that represent fixed, circular orbits around the nucleus
while in orbit, electrons do not lose or gain energy
an electron changes orbits by emitting or absorbing a specific quantity of energy

Question 8

Niels Bohr’s observation

Answer 8

predicts both the energy that the electrons travel at, and the colours that were given off when the electron changed orbit(only one electron)

Question 9

Ernest Rutherford’s second model

Answer 9

the nucleus contains protons and neutrons

Question 10

Ernest Rutherford’s second observation

Answer 10

the atom weighed more than the amount of protons it would take to balance the electrons