Components

Question 1

acetabulum

Answer 1

the hip socket

Question 2

articular cartilage

Answer 2

a thin layer of cartilage that covers the ends of the long bones and the surfaces of the joints

Question 3

bone depressions

Answer 3

concave, indented areas or openings in bones

Question 4

bone markings

Answer 4

specific features of individual bones

Question 5

bone processes

Answer 5

projections or outgrowths of bones

Question 6

cancellous bone

Answer 6

not as dense as compact bone; also called spongy bone or trabecular bone

Question 7

compact bone

Answer 7

the hard outer shell of the bone; it lies just underneath the periosteum

Question 8

condyle

Answer 8

knuckle-like projection at the end of a bone

Question 9

crest (bone process)

Answer 9

distinct border or ridge, as in iliac crest

Question 10

diaphysis

Answer 10

main shaftlike portion of a bone

Question 11

epiphyseal line

Answer 11

a layer of cartilage that separates the diaphysis from the epiphysis of a bone; also known as the epiphyseal plate; when cartilage is completely replaced by bone (in young adulthood) this line disappears on x-rays

Question 12

epiphysis

Answer 12

the end of a bone

Question 13

false ribs

Answer 13

rib pairs 8 through 10, which connect to the vertebrae in the back but not to the sternum in the front because they join the seventh rib in the front

Question 14

floating ribs

Answer 14

rib pairs 11 and 12, which connect to the vertebrae in the back but are free of any attachment in the front

Question 15

fontanelle

Answer 15

a space covered by tough membrane between the bones of an infant’s cranium; also called a “soft spot” and spelled fontanel

Question 16

foramen

Answer 16

hole in a bone through which blood vessels or nerves pass

Question 17

fossa

Answer 17

hollow or concave depression in a bone

Question 18

haversian canals

Answer 18

a system of small canals within compact bone that contain blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves

Question 19

medullary cavity

Answer 19

the center portion of the shaft of a long bone containing the yellow marrow

Question 20

ossification

Answer 20

the conversion of cartilage and fibrous connective tissue to bone; the formation of bone

Question 21

osteoblasts

Answer 21

immature bone cells that actively produce bony tissue

Question 22

osteoclasts

Answer 22

large cells that absorb or digest old bone tissue

Question 23

osteocytes

Answer 23

mature bone cells; living cells that continue to maintain the bone without producing new bone tissue

Question 24

periosteum

Answer 24

the thick, white, fibrous membrane that covers the surface of a long bone

Question 25

red bone marrow

Answer 25

where the production of red blood cells occurs throughout life

Question 26

resorption

Answer 26

the process of removing or digesting old bone tissue

Question 27

sinus

Answer 27

an opening or hollow space in a bone; a cavity within a bone

Question 28

spine (bone process)

Answer 28

a sharp projection from the surface of a bone, similar to a crest

Question 29

sulcus

Answer 29

depression or shallow groove on the surface of an organ; as a sulcus that separates any of the convolutions of the cerebral hemispheres (plural: sulci)

Question 30

sutures

Answer 30

immovable joints, such as those of the cranium

Question 31

trabeculae

Answer 31

needlelike bony spicules that give cancellous bone it’s sponges appearance; arranged along lines of stress, giving added strength to the bone

Question 32

trochanter

Answer 32

large bony process located below the neck of the femur

Question 33

true ribs

Answer 33

the first seven pairs of ribs, which connect to the vertebrae in the back and to the sternum in the front

Question 34

tuberosity

Answer 34

an elevated, broad, rounded process of a bone

Question 35

types of bones

Answer 35

long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid

Question 36

vertebral foramen

Answer 36

a large opening in the center of each vertebra that serves as a passageway for the spinal cord

Question 37

yellow bone marrow

Answer 37

stores fat and is not an active blood cell production cite in the adult