Complications of Cancer Flashcards
1
Q
What is the presentation of hypercalcaemia?
A
- bones, stones, groans and moans
- Renal stone pain
- Boney pain
- Abdominal pain groans
- psychic moans - confusion
- N & V
- polyuria, polydipsia, signs of dehydration
2
Q
What are the 2 mechanisms for hypercalcaemia in cancerous disease?
A
- extensive bone destruction from lytic bone metasteses increases serum calcium levels
- Parathyroid hormone may be secreted from the tumour itself
3
Q
A calcium level of 2.6 - 3.2 is elevated mildly. How do you treat it??
A
- appropriate rehydration therapy
- IV furosemide increases renal excretion of the calcium
4
Q
A calcium level greater than 3.2 is considered a medical emergency. How do you treat it?
A
- Aggressive rehydration
- IV bisphosphonates
