Complications Associated w/ IV Infusion

Question 1

Prevention & Tx for Infiltration

Answer 1

Prevention: Use smallest catheter, stabilize port-access, assess for blood return - Tx: Stop infusion, remove peripheral catheters, apply cold compress, elevate extremity, insert new catheter in opposite extremity

Question 2

Prevention & Tx for Extravasation

Answer 2

Prevention: Know vesicant potential before giving meds - Tx: Stop infusion, discontinue admin set, aspirate drug if possible, apply cold compress, document condition of site (may photograph)

Question 3

Prevention & Tx for Phlebitis/Thrombophlebitis

Answer 3

Prevention: Rotate sites q72-96hr, secure catheter, use aseptic technique; for PICCs, avoid excessive activity with the extremity - Tx: Stop infusion, remove peripheral IV catheters, apply heat compress, insert new catheter in opposite extremity

Question 4

Prevention & Tx for Hematoma

Answer 4

Prevention: Avoid veins not easily seen or palpated; obtain hemostasis after insertion - Tx: Remove IV device and apply light pressure if bleeding; monitor for signs of phlebitis and treat

Question 5

Prevention & Tx for Venous Spasm

Answer 5

Prevention: Allow time for vein diameter to return after tourniquet removed; infuse fluids at room temp. - Tx: Temporarily slow infusion rate; apply warm compress