Complications And Management Flashcards
one (1) permanent way of managing hyperkalemia.
The drug used in the permanent management is
Kayexalate. It is also known as Sodium polystyrene sulphonate.
Kayexalate, when retained in the GIT for long, causes?
causes colitis.
High PTH suppresses.
RBCs contributing to anemia, but the main cause of anemia in ckd is low EPO production
Causes of CKD
Hypertension
• Diabetes
• Autoimune conditions
• Alport syndrome
• Unknown causes
• Acute kidney injury
• Kidney stones
Risk Factors of ckd
Hypertension
• Smoking
• Dyslipidemia
• Obesity
• Family history
Cockcroft-Gault formula
CrCl =
𝐹(140 𝑥 𝐴𝑔𝑒 𝑥 𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡)/
𝑆𝑒𝑟𝑢𝑚 𝐶𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑒 (µ𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝐿)
F = 1.23 (males) or 1.04 (females)
State the types of EPO and route of administration
EPO alpha: IV route
EPO beta: sc or Iv route
When EPO alpha is given Sc instead of Iv it leads to
Pure Red Cell Eplasia
the patient develops antibodies which subsequently fight against any EPO
Management of Hyperphosphatemia
phosphate binders
The best phosphate binder is
Aluminium hydroxide [ Al(OH)3 ].
However, Al(OH)3 is not usually used because aluminium is excreted by the kidneys, and this can cause a build-up of aluminium in CKD patients. Dialysis Dementia
The common phosphate binders used to manage Hyperphosphatemia is
Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is the commonest drug used to manage high levels of phosphate
- Calcium acetate
- Sevelamer
- Lanthanum carbonate
How does Hyperphosphatemia occur
- Due to kidney impairment phosphate is built up in the body.
2.Hyperphosphatemia contributes to chronically elevated PTH. - PTH signals the absorption of Ca in the kidneys however since, VitD is not produced - no calcium is absorbed.
- PtH resorts to other means of obtaining calcium ie, pulling Ca from the bones into serum causing bone demineralisation
The best drug in renal pts with gout is
FEBUXOSTAT
