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Hypertension > Complicated Hypertension > Flashcards

Complicated Hypertension Flashcards

1
Q

Malignant Hypertension

A

> _180/>_100

Rate of Increase of BP is more important than #

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2
Q

Hypertensive Urgency

A

Elevated Blood Pressure

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3
Q

Hypertensive Emergency

A

Elevated Blood Pressure w/ end organ damage

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4
Q

Organ Damage in HTN Emergency

A 
Eyes: retinal hemorrhage
Brain: CVA, seizure, encephalopathy
Heart: MI, CHF, aortic Discection
Lungs: Edema from CHF
Kidneys: acute renal failure
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5
Q

Malignant HTN associated w/?

A

Diffuse Necrotizing Vasculitis
Arteriolar Thrombi
Fibrin Deposition in the arteriolar wall
Fibrin Necrosis of the arterioles of the brain, retina, kidney

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6
Q

Signs and Symptoms
Brain
Eyes
Kidney

A

encephalopathy
hemorrhage, papilledema, retinopathy
proteinuria, renal failure

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7
Q

Guidelines for Lowering BP

A

No more than 25% reduction in MAP in first 2 hours
OR
160/100-110

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8
Q

Malignant HTN Meds

A 
BB Labetalol (Trandate) IV B1&A1 blockade
can give small repeat doses doubling each time
20mg, 40, 80, 160
CCB Nicardipine (Cardene) IV
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9
Q

Hypertensive Mgmt in ? Emergencies

A 
Hypertensive Encephalopathy
Stroke
MI
Aortic Discection
Eclampsia
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10
Q

HTN Encephalopathy meds

A

Same for stroke
Labetalol (Trandate) BB
Nicardipine (Cardene) CCB
Nitroprusside (Nitropress) SE cyanide tox, drug is photosensitive

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11
Q

Stroke meds

A

Same for HTN Encephalopathy
Labetalol (Trandate) BB
Nicardipine (Cardene) CCB
Nitroprusside (Nitropress) SE cyanide tox, drug is photosensitive

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12
Q

MI meds

A

Nitroglycerine (Nitrostat) SE hypotension, headache
Labetalol (Trandate) BB
Nicardipine (Cardene) CCB

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13
Q

Aortic Dissection goal & meds

A 
Goals:
#1 control shearing forces by reducing rate and contractility= BB or Labetalol (Trandate)
#2 tightly control HTN = Nitroprusside (Nitropress)
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14
Q

Preeclampsia/Eclampsia meds

A

Hydralazine
Labetalol
Nicardipine
Magnesium (not for BP)

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15
Q

Hydralazine

A

Arterial Vasodilator
SE= rebound HTN
Pre/Eclampsia

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16
Q

Labetalol

A

(Trandate)

BB

17
Q

Nicardipine

A

(Cardene)

CCB

18
Q

Nitroprusside

A

(Nitropress)
Vasodilator
SE= cyanide tox
drug is photosensitive

19
Q

Nitroglycerine

A

(Nitrostat)
Vasodilator
SE= hypotension & headache
Sublingual or IV

Hypertension (2 decks)

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