Complete Blood Count Flashcards

1
Q

normal hemoglobin range

A

13.5-17.5

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2
Q

normal hematocrit range

A

38.8-50%

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3
Q

normal white blood cells range

A

4.2-10.2

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4
Q

normal platelets range

A

150-355

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5
Q

Reasons for Elevated H/H

A

dehydration
COPD
polycythemia vera
high altitude

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6
Q

Reasons for decreased H/H

A
anemia
AOCD
IDA
Blood loss
folate deficiency
vitamin B12 deficiency
hemolytic anemia
aplastic anemia
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7
Q

how to calculate MCV

A

hematocrit/ red cell count

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8
Q

MCV values

A

microcytic <80
Normocytic 80-100
Macrocytic >100

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9
Q

how to calculate Mean cell hemoglobin MCH

A

hemoglabin/RBC

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10
Q

MCH values

A

hypochromic <26
normochromic 26-34
Hyperchromic >34

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11
Q

How to calculate Mean cell Hgb concentration MCHC

A

hemoglobin/hematocrit

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12
Q

What is red cell distribution width RDW and what is the normal value

A

degree of variation in the size of RBCs

11-15%

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13
Q

what is anisocytosis

A

variation in size of RBCs

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14
Q

Leukocytosis meaning, range, and causes

A
increased leukocytes >10k
bacterial infection
inflammation
neoplasm
leukemoid response
steroid use
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15
Q

leukopenia meaning, range, and causes

A
decrease leukocytes <5k
viral infection
overwhelming bacterial infection (sepsis)
bone marrow failure
drug toxicity
autoimmune disease
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16
Q

What is leukocytosis with a “left shift”

A

increased WBC count due to an increase in neutrophils and bands

17
Q

what are the three granulocytes and purpose

A

neutrophils-most common PMN
eosinophils-involved in allergic reactions and parasite
basophils-allergic reactions

18
Q

what is neutrophilia and common causes

A
increase in neutrophils (increase in leukocytes)
bacterial infections
inflammation
medications- steroids
stress
trauma, tissue damage
19
Q

what is neutropenia and common causes

A
decrease in neutrophils (decrease in leukocytes)
medications (CHEMOTHERAPY)
viral infection
aplastic anemia
overwhelming bacterial infection
radiation
20
Q

what is eosinophilia and common causes

A
increase in eosinophils
coccidiomycosis
leukemia/lymphoma
allergic reactions
autoimmune disease
parasites
medications- allopurinol, NSAIDS, antibiotics
21
Q

what is eosinopenia and common causes

A

decrease in eosinophils
corticosteroids
acute inflammation or stress

22
Q

what is basophilia and common causes

A

increase in basophils
myeloproliferative disease
leukemia

23
Q

what is basopenia and common causes

A

decrease in basophils
acute allergic reactions
stress reactions

24
Q

what are the two nongranulocytes/agranulocutes

A

lymphocytes (T-cells and B-cells) fight acute viral infections

Monocytes- phagocytic cells capable of fighting bacteria

25
Q

what is lymphocytosis and common causes

A
increase in lymphocytes
viral infections
MONONUCLEOSIS
hepatitis
lymphocytic leukemia
26
Q

what is lymphocytopenia and common causes

A
decrease in lymphocytes
infections
corticosteroids
immunodeficiency disease
lymphoma
chemotherapy
radiation therapy
27
Q

what is monocytosis and common causes

A
increase in monocytes
chronic inflammatory disorders
viral infections
parasites- malaria
tuberculosis
28
Q

what is monocytopenia and common cause

A

corticosteroid therapy

29
Q

neutrophils

A

bacterial infections

30
Q

eosinophils

A

fungal or parasitic infections and allergic disorders

31
Q

basophils

A

allergic disorders

32
Q

lymphocytes

A

viral infections

33
Q

monocytes

A

severe infections

34
Q

what is thrombocytosis and common causes

A
increase in platelets
reactive: acute blood loss, malignancy, inflammatory conditions, trauma, infections
essential thrombocytosis
polycythemia vera
CML, AML, MDS myelofibrosis
35
Q

what is thrombocytopenia and common causes

A
decrease in platelets
primary immune throbocytopenia
thrombotic thromocytopenic purpura
drug induced immune thrombo
heparin induced HIT
cancer
infections
chronic liver disease
disseminated intravascular coagulation
aplastic anemia
inherited throbocytopenias