Complete Blood Count

Question 1

normal hemoglobin range

Answer 1

13.5-17.5

Question 2

normal hematocrit range

Answer 2

38.8-50%

Question 3

normal white blood cells range

Answer 3

4.2-10.2

Question 4

normal platelets range

Answer 4

150-355

Question 5

Reasons for Elevated H/H

Answer 5

dehydration
COPD
polycythemia vera
high altitude

Question 6

Reasons for decreased H/H

Answer 6

anemia
AOCD
IDA
Blood loss
folate deficiency
vitamin B12 deficiency
hemolytic anemia
aplastic anemia

Question 7

how to calculate MCV

Answer 7

hematocrit/ red cell count

Question 8

MCV values

Answer 8

microcytic <80
Normocytic 80-100
Macrocytic >100

Question 9

how to calculate Mean cell hemoglobin MCH

Answer 9

hemoglabin/RBC

Question 10

MCH values

Answer 10

hypochromic <26
normochromic 26-34
Hyperchromic >34

Question 11

How to calculate Mean cell Hgb concentration MCHC

Answer 11

hemoglobin/hematocrit

Question 12

What is red cell distribution width RDW and what is the normal value

Answer 12

degree of variation in the size of RBCs

11-15%

Question 13

what is anisocytosis

Answer 13

variation in size of RBCs

Question 14

Leukocytosis meaning, range, and causes

Answer 14

increased leukocytes >10k
bacterial infection
inflammation
neoplasm
leukemoid response
steroid use

Question 15

leukopenia meaning, range, and causes

Answer 15

decrease leukocytes <5k
viral infection
overwhelming bacterial infection (sepsis)
bone marrow failure
drug toxicity
autoimmune disease

Question 16

What is leukocytosis with a “left shift”

Answer 16

increased WBC count due to an increase in neutrophils and bands

Question 17

what are the three granulocytes and purpose

Answer 17

neutrophils-most common PMN
eosinophils-involved in allergic reactions and parasite
basophils-allergic reactions

Question 18

what is neutrophilia and common causes

Answer 18

increase in neutrophils (increase in leukocytes)
bacterial infections
inflammation
medications- steroids
stress
trauma, tissue damage

Question 19

what is neutropenia and common causes

Answer 19

decrease in neutrophils (decrease in leukocytes)
medications (CHEMOTHERAPY)
viral infection
aplastic anemia
overwhelming bacterial infection
radiation

Question 20

what is eosinophilia and common causes

Answer 20

increase in eosinophils
coccidiomycosis
leukemia/lymphoma
allergic reactions
autoimmune disease
parasites
medications- allopurinol, NSAIDS, antibiotics

Question 21

what is eosinopenia and common causes

Answer 21

decrease in eosinophils
corticosteroids
acute inflammation or stress

Question 22

what is basophilia and common causes

Answer 22

increase in basophils
myeloproliferative disease
leukemia

Question 23

what is basopenia and common causes

Answer 23

decrease in basophils
acute allergic reactions
stress reactions

Question 24

what are the two nongranulocytes/agranulocutes

Answer 24

lymphocytes (T-cells and B-cells) fight acute viral infections

Monocytes- phagocytic cells capable of fighting bacteria

Question 25

what is lymphocytosis and common causes

Answer 25

``` increase in lymphocytes viral infections MONONUCLEOSIS hepatitis lymphocytic leukemia ```

Question 26

what is lymphocytopenia and common causes

Answer 26

``` decrease in lymphocytes infections corticosteroids immunodeficiency disease lymphoma chemotherapy radiation therapy ```

Question 27

what is monocytosis and common causes

Answer 27

``` increase in monocytes chronic inflammatory disorders viral infections parasites- malaria tuberculosis ```

Question 28

what is monocytopenia and common cause

Answer 28

corticosteroid therapy

Question 29

neutrophils

Answer 29

bacterial infections

Question 30

eosinophils

Answer 30

fungal or parasitic infections and allergic disorders

Question 31

basophils

Answer 31

allergic disorders

Question 32

lymphocytes

Answer 32

viral infections

Question 33

monocytes

Answer 33

severe infections

Question 34

what is thrombocytosis and common causes

Answer 34

``` increase in platelets reactive: acute blood loss, malignancy, inflammatory conditions, trauma, infections essential thrombocytosis polycythemia vera CML, AML, MDS myelofibrosis ```

Question 35

what is thrombocytopenia and common causes

Answer 35

``` decrease in platelets primary immune throbocytopenia thrombotic thromocytopenic purpura drug induced immune thrombo heparin induced HIT cancer infections chronic liver disease disseminated intravascular coagulation aplastic anemia inherited throbocytopenias ```