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US History 1 Exam > Compiled Tests > Flashcards

Compiled Tests Flashcards

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1
Q

In early 1789, the new Congress gathered in the national capital which was…

A

New York City

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2
Q

Washington’s Secretary of State was…

A

Thomas Jefferson

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3
Q

The first Supreme Court

A

Was led by chief justice John Jay

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4
Q

In regards to religion, the constitution…

A

Prevents congress from establishing an official religion

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5
Q

In regard to state debts, Hamilton proposed that..

A

The federal government take them over

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6
Q

The national bank proposed by Hamilton..

A

Would provide a stable national currency

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7
Q

Madison and Jefferson objected to the national bank primarily because…

A

They believed in a strict interpretation of the constitution

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8
Q

The emergence of political parties…

A

Reflected the basic philosophical differences between Jefferson and Hamilton

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9
Q

The party led by Madison and Jefferson that opposed Hamilton was called…

A

Democratic republicans

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10
Q

By 1790, the Indians…

A

Remained a powerful threat to western settlement

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11
Q

When Britain and France went to war in 1793, the US ….

A

expressed neutrality, warning Americans not to aid either side

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12
Q

Edmond Genet

A

encouraged Americans to attack Spanish territory on the frontier

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13
Q

By the mid 1790’s, Americans became incensed with the British over…

A

The British seizure of American merchant vessels

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14
Q

As a result of Jay’s treaty…

A

The British agreed to evacuate their northwest posts by 1796

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15
Q

The treaty of Greenville was an agreement between the US and…

A

The Indians on the northwest frontier

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16
Q

Opposition to Hamilton’s excise tax on whiskey was strongest among…

A

Frontier farmers

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17
Q

Pinckney’s Treaty resulted in…

A

American trade access to Spanish New Orleans

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18
Q

In regard to land policy, Hamilton and the Federalists…

A

Favored high land prices that would slow western settlement

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19
Q

Daniel Boone led settlers into…

A

Kentucky

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20
Q

the 1796 Presidential election was…

A

The nations first partisan election

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21
Q

Under President Adams, a war between US and France was…

A

An undeclared naval conflict

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22
Q

Between 1800 and 1840, the nations most dramatic population expansion occurred

A

West of the appalachians

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23
Q

Jefferson’s inauguration was notable for..

A

Being the first in Washington D.C.

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24
Q

President Jefferson’s cabinet…

A

Included Madison as secretary of state

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25
Q

In the case of Marbury vs. Madison, the Supreme Court…

A

Declared a federal law unconstitutional

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26
Q

The Louisiana Purchase was a problem for Jefferson because…

A

He believed that the Constitution did not give authority to acquire new land

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27
Q

To President Jefferson, one major incentive to purchase Louisiana was to…

A

Secure American access to the Mississippi River

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28
Q

Jefferson sent Lewis and Clark to…

A

Explore and map well beyond the Mississippi

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29
Q

Jefferson’s embargo policy…

A

Sought to stop all American exports

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30
Q

President Madison’s attempts to deal with British and French interference with American trade…

A

led to war with the British

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31
Q

The greatest support for the declaration of war in 1812 came from…

A

the agricultural regions from Pennsylvania southward and westward

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32
Q

Western settlers and politicians believed war with Britain might enable…

A

conquest of Canada Sarnia sting matt cassidy sick nhl bound green bay gamblers sick

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33
Q

As the war of 1812 started, one strength of the US was…

A

a small, but capable navy

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34
Q

The naval battle on Lake Erie resulted in…

A

Perry’s glorious victory

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35
Q

At Horse Shoe Bend, Andrew Jackson won a smashing victory over…

A

The creeks

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36
Q

The British invasion of the mid atlantic coast in 1814 resulted in…

A

the capture and burning of Washington D.C.

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37
Q

The British attack on Baltimore’s Fort Mchenry

A

resulted in a bombardment that did not force the fort’s to surrender

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38
Q

The British defeat at New Orleans is best explained by…

A

Their attack upon a strong defensive position

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39
Q

The Treaty of Ghent

A

Ended the war of 1812

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40
Q

The Hartford Convention illustrated deep opposition to the war in…

A

New England

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41
Q

Following the expiration of the first bank of the US in 1811, state banks

A

issued an excess of paper money

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42
Q

Who opposed the national bank in 1816

A

Dan Webster

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43
Q

John C. Calhoun accepted the tariff of 1816 because he

A

expected the South would become a manufacturing center

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44
Q

The idea of federal support for internal improvements

A

was represented by the construction of the national road

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45
Q

The chief advocate for the program for economic development called the American System was

A

Henry Clay

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46
Q

James Monroe…

A

was a Virginia Republican

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47
Q

The secretary of state for the duration of Monroe’s presidency was…

A

John Quincy Adams

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47
Q

One notable thing about the 1820 election was…

A

the disappearance of the federalists

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48
Q

The Rush-Bagot agreement…

A

ended naval competition on the Great lakes by limiting naval forces there

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49
Q

Andrew Jackson led American troops into Florida in 1818 to do what?

A

to pursuit the hostile seminoles

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50
Q

The transcontinental treaty of 1819

A

extended the boundary of Louisiana to the Pacific

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51
Q

The immediate cause of Panic of 1819 was

A

a sudden collapse of cotton prices

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52
Q

Missouri’s admission to the Union as a slave state was balanced by the admission of the free state of…

A

Maine

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53
Q

The Missouri compromise stipulated that in the rest of the Louisiana Purchase north of 36, 30’

A

slavery would be excluded

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54
Q

In McCulloch vs. Maryland, The marshall court struck down the state’s ability to tax what?

A

The national bank

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55
Q

The Supreme Court in Gibbon vs. Ogden settled a controversy over…

A

Hudson River ferry service

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56
Q

In 1824, the US states signed a treaty with Russia concerning…

A

Claims to Oregon

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57
Q

Who was not a candidate in the election of 1824?

A

John Calhoun

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58
Q

The election of 1824 was ultimately decided by who?

A

The house of reps

59
Q

The “corrupt bargain” in the election of 1824, referred to…

A

The belief that Clay supported Adams in return for becoming secretary of state

60
Q

The Tariff of 1828

A

boosted the presidential hopes of Jackson

61
Q

The South Carolina Exposition and Protest was published in response to the…

A

Tariff of 1828

62
Q

One of Jackson’s greatest personal vulnerabilities in the 1828 campaign was…

A

the scandal surrounding his marriage

63
Q

By the 1820’s the right to vote had generally been extended to…

A

Adult white males

64
Q

In this new political era, Jackson had a tremendous advantage because of his…

A

identification with the common people

65
Q

The Jacksonian concept of equality was a belief that…

A

Everyone should have an equal chance to succeed

66
Q

Before he became President, Andrew Jackson…

A

killed a man in a duel, was a popular general, fought the British in the revolution, and had experienced youthful hardship (answer is all of the above).

67
Q

Thomas Jefferson considered Andrew Jackson unfit for the presidency due to his…

A

violent temperment

68
Q

Andrew Jackson was a true Jeffersonian in his…

A

Belief in limited government

69
Q

The Peggy Eaton affair revealed what?

A

The destructive gossip of the Washington social scene

70
Q

the proposed Maysville Road…

A

would be entirely in Kentucky

71
Q

Despite the fact that Andrew Jackson continually opposed federal aid to local projects, he did support…

A

Interstate projects such as the national road

72
Q

By the 1820’s South Carolina…

A

was experiencing agricultural depression

73
Q

Calhoun’s South Carolina Exposition and Protest…

A

Argued that states could nullify federal legislation

74
Q

The Webster-Hayne debate is best remembered for…

A

Webster’s eloquent defense of the union

75
Q

In the Webster-Hayne debate, Robert Y. Hayne argued that…

A

The Union was created by a compact of the states

76
Q

Jackson declared his opposition to nullifcation…

A

In his toast at a Jefferson day dinner

77
Q

The compromise tariff that ended the nullification crisis was authored by who?

A

Henry Clay

78
Q

President Jackson’s policy toward Indians could best be described as one of…

A

Removal to lands west of the Mississippi River

79
Q

The Indian Chief who resisted federal policy in Illinois and Wisconsin was…

A

Black Hawk

80
Q

President Jackson’s attitude toward the Supreme Court’s decision in Wocester vs. Georgia was..

A

Defiance

81
Q

In regard to banks and banking policy, Jackson…

A

much preferred hard money to paper currency

82
Q

Jackson viewed the Bank of the United States as…

A

A monopoly that served the interests of a wealthy few

83
Q

After his reelection Jackson moved to destroy the Bank of the US by…

A

withdrawing its federal deposits

84
Q

“Pet Banks” were…

A

state banks that received federal government deposits

85
Q

The specie circular

A

required gold or silver payment for public lands

86
Q

Jackson’s opponents called themselves Whigs to…

A

Denounce what they saw as Jackson’s tyrannical qualities

87
Q

Martin Van Buren was known as the little magician due to his…

A

skill as a professional politician

88
Q

William Henry Harrison

A

Had defeated the Shawnees at Tippecanoe

89
Q

One undebatable fact about the Jacksonian era is…

A

The dramatic increase in voter participation by 1840

90
Q

Steamboats..

A

brought cheaper and faster two-way traffic to the Mississippi Valley

91
Q

By the 1830’s most western products were still marketed by…

A

the Flatboat

92
Q

The Erie Canal did NOT do this

A

Bankrupt New York State with its huge cost

93
Q

The trains in use by the 1850’s…

A

were much faster than stagecoaches, spurred iron production, reduced transportation costs, and sped up western settlement (answer is all of the above).

94
Q

The first American factories produced what?

A

Cotton Textiles

95
Q

The settlement of the West was accelerated by Cyrus McCormick’s invention of the…

A

Mechanical Reaper

96
Q

By the 1840’s a communications revolution had been triggered by the development of the…

A

telegraph

97
Q

One striking aspect of the Lowell factories was…

A

their employment of young single women

98
Q

The major impetus for the huge Irish immigration to the US after 1845 was…

A

The potato famine

99
Q

Anti-Irish prejudice was especially based upon…

A

Fear of growing Catholic influence

100
Q

In terms of political behavior, the Irish

A

generally supported the democrats

101
Q

the Know-Nothing Party

A

Was established in the 1850’s

102
Q

The Know-Nothings proposed to…

A

lengthen the time required to become a citizen

103
Q

Joseph Smith did what?

A

Found golden plates whose etchings became the Book of Mormon

104
Q

Through the 1830’s and early 1840’s, Mormons…

A

Generated hostility from non-mormons

105
Q

Brigham Young did what?

A

Led the Mormons into Utah

106
Q

In 1840, American literacy rates

A

Were the highest in the Western world

107
Q

After Mexico gained its independence in 1821, the Santa Fe Trail established a vigorous commerce between New Mexico and…

A

Missouri

108
Q

By the 1830’s there was so much commercial activity between Mexico and St. Louis that the Peso had become

A

The primary medium of exchange in Missouri

109
Q

Most of those who traveled westward in wagon trains…

A

traveled in family groups

110
Q

With the onset of the California gold rush in 1849, Plains Indians, led by Cheyenne…

A

seized the opportunity to supply buffalo meat and skins to the white pioneers

111
Q

Most of the American settlers in Texas went there because of…

A

cheap cotton lands

112
Q

In the 1820’s Stephen F. Austin…

A

Encouraged thousands of Anglos to settle in Texas

113
Q

At the battle of Alamo…

A

The Mexicans won a costly victory

114
Q

Sam Houston’s contribution to Texas and its independence was…

A

The defeat of the Mexican army at San Jacinto

115
Q

The republic of Texas…

A

developed trade relations with Britain and France

116
Q

The major factor that delayed Texas annexation until 1845 was…

A

Concern over Texas entering as a slave state

117
Q

Polk’s nickname of “Young Hickory” most reflected his…

A

Association with Jackson and support for his policies

118
Q

Congress voted to annex Texas..

A

Between Polk’s election and his inauguration

119
Q

Polk settled the Oregon boundary dispute with the British by…

A

agreeing to a border along the 49th parallel

120
Q

Polk ordered Zachary Taylor to move his troops to the Rio Grande because he wanted to…

A

Provoke a Mexican attack

121
Q

Among the most vocal opponents of the Mexican War was…

A

Abe Lincoln

122
Q

As a result of his victories in Northern Mexico, the Mexican War made a national hero of who?

A

Zachary Taylor

123
Q

Early in the Mexican War, Polk grew most concerned over Zachary Taylor’s..

A

Growing popularity that might make him a political rival

124
Q

The decisive victory in the war came with Winfield Scott’s capture of…

A

Mexico City

125
Q

What was NOT a result from the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

A

US troops continued to occupy Mexico

126
Q

What was NOT true about the Mexican War?

A

It was one of the most unselfish wars in history

127
Q

During 1850, the US faced the real danger of…

A

Disunion

128
Q

During the great congressional debate over the Compromise of 1850…

A

Clay called for an end to sectional division

129
Q

The politician whose strategy enabled the passage of the Compromise of 1850 was…

A

Stephen Douglas

130
Q

Stephen Douglas was more successful than Clay in getting the Compromise of 1850 passed because…

A

He split the issues into separate bills

131
Q

The new Fugitive Slave Act

A

Outraged abolitionists

132
Q

Stephen Douglas’s proposed Kansas-Nebraska Act…

A

Might allow slavery in Kansas and Nebraska

133
Q

John Brown and his followers in Kansas…

A

Murdered some pro-slavery men in Pottawatomie

134
Q

Lincoln won the election of 1860 by doing what?

A

Sweeping the free states

135
Q

The first state to secede was?

A

South Carolina

136
Q

In response to secession, President Buchanan…

A

Did practically nothing

137
Q

The Confederates were inspired to bombard Fort Sumter as a result of…

A

Lincoln’s decision to resupply it

138
Q

As union commander, Grant was best characterized by his…

A

Plan to relentlessly attack

139
Q

At Petersburg…

A

Grant put the confederate forces under siege

140
Q

Sherman’s army in its march to the sea…

A

Looted and destroyed lots of property

141
Q

At Appomattox Court house…

A

Most confederate resistance ended

142
Q

What was NOT a confederate victory?

A

Vicksburg

143
Q

More than any other general, William T. Sherman recognized…

A

The importance of breaking confederate morale

144
Q

Lincoln’s second inaugural address…

A

Was a plea for reconciliation

145
Q

The death toll in the Civil War was roughly

A

630,000

US History 1 Exam (1 decks)

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