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Compiled Flashcards

1
Q

Exhibit dimorphism and grow on Sabouraud’s medium (low pH)

A

Fungi

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2
Q

Type of agar used for most fungi

A

Sabouraud agar

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3
Q

Organism that creates athletes foot (tine media)

A

Trichophyton

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4
Q

Epidermyophyton and Microsporum cause

A

Dermatophytosis

TX: Griseofulvin

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5
Q

Which fungus causes cerebral/brain infarct

A

Cryptococcus –> meninges and cause Cryptococcal Meningitis
Aspergillus –> creates aspergilloma “fungus ball” in lungs causing pulmonary infection in people with AIDs or who have undergone organ transplant

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6
Q

Mucormycosis

A

Patients with diabetic ketoacidosis, burns, leukemia are particularly susceptible. Results in black, dead tissue in nasal cavity and blocks blood supply to brain
Found in blood vessels

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7
Q

Aflatoxin produced by what fungus

A

Aspergillus

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8
Q

Cell immunity most important for?

A

Intracellular parasite

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9
Q

Which one can be seen as an intracellular organism

A

Histoplasmosis

in infected tissues, yeast cells of histoplasmosis found within macrophages

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10
Q

Disseminated fungi

A

Histoplasmosis

yeast in macrophages, bird-bat droppings via respiratory droplets different than rest of them

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11
Q

Which pathogen gives rise to granulomatous lesion in lung resembling TB, similar symptoms?

A

histoplasmosis

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12
Q

What doesn’t give granulomas?

A

Gonnorrhea

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13
Q

Which ones are granulomatous?

A

histoplasmosis, M tuberculosis and tertiary syphillis (immune system walls off)

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14
Q

What does NOT cause a mucosal or epidermal rash

A

Histoplasmosis

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15
Q

Avian/bird related fungi?

A

histoplasma capsulatum

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16
Q

Most common cause of fungal meningitis?

A

D Cryptococcosis

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17
Q

What is dimorphism in fungus?

A

Mycelium (mold) or as yeast

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18
Q

Which fungus are dimorphic

A 
Histoplasma capsulatum
Blastomyces dermatitidis 
Coccidioides immitis
Sporothrix shenckii
Candida albicans
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19
Q

Fungal organism NOT in soil

A

Know that Aspergillus, blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, coccidoides and cryptococcus neoformans are in soil

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20
Q

Branching hyphae on skin?

A

fungus

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21
Q

Which of the following fungi not transmitted person to person?

A

? maybee histoplasmosis?

22
Q

Pt has swelling of submandibular, tenderness. Alcoholic, radiographic-mass radiopaque (sialolith) circumscribed. 1 cm x 1 cm. Reason for swelling?

A

Bacterial infection

23
Q

Best method for bacteria to replicate and transfer most genetic info?

A

Conjugation (plasmid DNA transfer)

24
Q

Action of pili in organism’s pathogenicity

A

attachment and adherence to host cells

25
Q

Difference between Staph and Strep?

A

Staph is catalase +, gets rid of H2O2

26
Q

Lancefield grouping serotype classification

A

C-carb composition of cell wall

27
Q

Streptomycin inhibits

A

protein production (translation)

28
Q

What aspect of Staph is responsible for food poisioning

A

enterotoxin

29
Q

MOA of S aureus for drug resistance

A

Produces enzyme that breaks down penicillin, beta lactase

30
Q

What bacteria causes endocarditis in IV drug user

A

S aureus

31
Q

Most common type of endocarditis

A

Streptococcus Viridian (alpha-hemolytic Strep)

32
Q

Acute

A

Staph subacute which is more common is Viridian

33
Q

Which of the following has Janeway lesions

A

Infective endocarditis

34
Q

Which toxin produces scarlet fever

A

Erythrotoxin (erythrogenic exotoxin)

35
Q

Rash for scarlet fever

A

erythrogenic toxin of group A beta hemolytic S progenies

36
Q

S mutans produces dextran, which is

A

glucose linked in alpha 1,6 linkage

37
Q

What enzyme do oral bacteria use to create extra and participate in bacterial aggregation on teeth

A

glucosyltransferase

38
Q

What enzyme primarily breaks down sucrose

A

Glucosyltransferase (dextran sucrase)

39
Q

Streptococcus breaks down sucrose into what products

A

glucose and fructose

40
Q

gluons –>

A

dextrans + mutans + elvans

41
Q

dextrans form polymers of

A

glucose

42
Q

dextrans and mutant are polymers of glucose. levans are polymers of

A

fructose

43
Q

how is glucose and fructose associated with caries

A

dextrans and levans

44
Q

what is false about sucrose

A

its either two ketoses or one ketone and one aldose

45
Q

which is not an oral bacterium and not found in dental plaque

A

strep progenies

46
Q

which does not cause pneumonia

A

S mutans

does cause: H influenza, S pneumonia

47
Q

Most common bacteria on dorsum of tongue

A

S Salivarius

48
Q

Lipid A with a polysaccharide core is in which organism

A

Gram negative bacteria

49
Q

LPS

A

Gram - have LPS. Gram + have teichoic acids

50
Q

N-muramic acid part of

A

bacterial cell wall, occurs naturally as N-acetylmuramic acid in peptidoglycan

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