Competitive and Non-competitive inhibitors Flashcards
What is enzyme inhibition?
The reduction in the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction by another molecule
What does the inhibitor combined with?
Enzyme
What is the purpose of the inhibitor?
Either directly or indirectly prevents it form forming an enzyme-substrate complex
What are the 2 types of inhibitors?
Competitive
Non-competitive
What are competitive inhibitors?
Similar in shape to a substrate
Describe how competitive inhibitors decreases the rate of reaction
Are complementary to the enzyme active site and bind to it
Blocks the actual substrate from entering the active site
Less enzyme-substrate complexes can form
Rate of reaction decreases and less product is produced
If concentration of substrate increases, the effect of the inhibitor is reduced
What are non-competitive inhibitors?
Not a similar shape to the substrate
What do non-competitive inhibitors bind to?
The allosteric site
Binds to the enzyme at a point other than the active site
What does the non-competitive inhibitor do to the enzyme?
Changes its shape and therefore changes the shape of the active site
No longer complementary to the substrate
Enzyme molecule may be permanently damaged