Competency A Flashcards
Prevent Transmission of Bloodbourne Pathogens
What is the difference between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria?
if stained by dye gram-positive, if not stained by dye is gram-negative
What is the difference between aerobes and anaerobes?
Aerobes require oxygen to grow. Anaerobes grow in the absence of oxygen
What is the significance of spores?Why is it important in dentistry to have an understanding of spores?
most resistant form of life known. If spores are destroyed all forms of life are destroyed
What are the three classification of microorganisms of concern in dentistry?
Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi
What microorganism causes tuberculosis?
Bacteria ( bacilli)
In what organ of the body is tuberculosis most often found?
Lunges
List three diseases of major concern in dentistry that are caused by viruses
Herpes, Hepatitis , Aids
How is HIV mainly transmitted?
Semen and Blood
Is it more difficult to destroy HIV or Hepatitis B virus?
Hepatitis B
Which diseases of concern to dentistry can be cured?
Tuberculosis
Which types of viral hepatitis are vaccines available for?
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis D ( by being vaccinated against Hepatitis B)
What is the major source of microorganisms in the dental office?
Saliva, Respiratory secretions and blood in the mouth of the patients
How can microorganisms be spread from one person to another?
Direct contact
indirect contact
droplet infection
How can microorganisms enter a person’s body?
Inhalation
Ingestion
Mucous membranes
breaks in the skin
What is acquired immunity?
a defense system that responds after an infection has occurred?
What three vaccines are available for preventing disease?
Tetanus
Influenza
Hepatitis B
How often should tetanus booster immunization be given?
Every 10 years or earlier if traumatic injury occurs
Should healthcare workers be vaccinated against influenza?
Yes
How often must an individual receive as influenza vaccine?
Yearly
Who should not receive the influenza vaccine?
Those with allergies to eggs
What two vaccines are available against Hepatitis B?
Recombivax HB
Engerix B
How many injections are required for hepatitis B vaccination? When are they administered?
Three, at 0, 1 and 6 months
Are boosters currently recommended for hepatitis B vaccinations?
No
When must employers inform at-risk employees of the hepatitis B vaccine?
must be made available within 10 working days of the initial assignment
Can employees decline the hepatitis B vaccine?
Yes
Who is required to pay for the hepatitis B vaccine?
The employer
How long must the employer retain medical records concerning an employee’s hepatitis B vaccination?
for the duration of employment plus 30 years
How often should the patient’s medical history be updated?
at each appointment
is the medical history a good means of identifying infectious diseases patients may have? why or why not?
no, most individuals with HBV and HIV are asymptomatic
What does the term standard precautions mean?
all patients must be treated in the dental office as if infected with pathogenic microorganisms, using infection control procedures
Match the following statements with either HBV or HIV
The symptoms include weakness, fatigue, nausea, and headache
HBV
Match the following statements with either HBV or HIV
a virus that infect immune system blood cells in humans
HIV
Match the following statements with either HBV or HIV
A virus that affects the liver
HBV
Mark each statement below (True) or (false)
Even if an employee signs a waiver refusing the immunization, the employer must provide the hepatitis B vaccine if the employee requests it while still covered under the standard
True
Mark each statement below (True) or (false)
Hepatitis B vaccine is given in a six dose series over 12 month period
False
Mark each statement below (True) or (false)
the side effects of the HBV vaccine are minor
True
Mark each statement below (True) or (false)
blood borne pathogens are disease-causing microorganisms that can only be transmitted by direct contact with blood
False
Mark each statement below (True) or (false)
Blood Borne pathogens may be transmitted through intact as well as non-intact skin
False
Mark each statement below (True) or (false)
HIV is considerably more persistent that HBV
False
Mark each statement below (True) or (false)
tetanus is usually introduced into the body through a wound or break in the skin
True
Mark each statement below (True) or (false)
Herpes virus often remains dormant from childhood only to reappear later in life
True
Mark each statement below (True) or (false)
dental health care workers can prevent contracting tuberculosis by wearing a face mask during treatment of a patient with active TB
False
Mark each statement below (True) or (false)
HIV can be transmitted through accidental needle sticks with a contaminated needle
True
Mark each statement below (True) or (false)
standard precautions must be used in all patients care in dentistry
True
Mark each statement below (True) or (false)
OSHA requires that employers offer hepatitis B vaccines to all employees at risk of exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials
True
Identify if the following diseases are caused by virus or bacteria
Hepatitis B
Virus
Identify if the following diseases are caused by virus or bacteria
Tuberculosis
Bacteria
Identify if the following diseases are caused by virus or bacteria
AIDS
Virus
Identify if the following diseases are caused by virus or bacteria
Hepatitis c
Virus
Identify if the following diseases are caused by virus or bacteria
-Herpes simplex
Virus
What are disease producing microorganisms called?
pathogenic microorganisms
Bacteria that require oxygen to live are called?
aerobic`
