Compass & Pacing Flashcards
What is the azimuth of each of these, and why?
What is the azimuth and bearing of each of these, and why?
What are the formulas for converting between azimuths and bearings?
Convert the following azimuths to bearings and explain
Azimuth = 80°
Azimuth = 155°
Azimuth = 195°
Azimuth = 310°
Azimuth = 80° Bearing = N 80° E
Azimuth = 155° Bearing = S 25° E
Azimuth = 195° Bearing = S 15° W
Azimuth = 310° Bearing = N 50° W
What is the difference between magnetic north and true north?
True north = direction of the actual north pole
Magnetic north = compasses point to magnetic north, which is determined by the location of a massive magnetic lodestone in the arctic circle. It is a moving target as the lodestone changes location over time.
What is magnetic declination?
It is the azimuth (°) difference between True North and Magnetic North that must be accounted for when navigating with a compass.
What are 2 methods to adjust your azimuth to true north from magnetic north?
The (+) always stays in the formula, use (-) for W declinations
Notice on the map, lines east of the agonic line are W declinations, and vice versa.
identify the parts of an orienteering compass and their purpose
- On the baseplate:
- Scales: scales for standard map scales/units - note: can only use these scales if you have a map scaled with those factors
- Lanyard: use this so you do not drop the compass -Trauma to the compass can render it inaccurate -Declination screw key
- Magnifying lens
- Direction of travel arrow: may be small/absent -Direction of travel on a baseplate compass with a cover is always in the direction of the cover when it is fully extended
- Housing:
- Azimuth ring: spin to set azimuth -Azimuths from 0° (N) to 360°, usually in 2° increments
- Azimuth indicator point: arrow where you read azimuth from ring - Typically above the azimuth ring on the baseplate
- Inside Housing:
Magnetic North arrow: points to magnetic North - Swings freely within the housing - “Fred”
- Orienting arrow: red arrow fixed to the housing - “Shed”
- Meridians/meridian lines - Align with grid lines (typically latitude/longitude lines) on map when measuring azimuths between objects from a map
- Clinometer (sometimes present): measure slope (vertical) angles
What are the steps for dead reckoning with a compass?
What are the steps to take an azimuth with a compass if you are given an angle?
What does it mean to orient a map? How is it accomplished using visible features on the landscape? How do you do it with a compass?
How do you find azimuths on a map with a protractor?
How do you find an azimuth on a map using a compass?
How do you locate a feature that is visible on the landscape on your map using a compass?
How do you estimate your own location on a map using a compass?
