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msk anatomy > Compartmentalised > Flashcards

Compartmentalised Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the anterior compartment of the forearm? and what is the majority innervation?

A

Flexion of the wrist and median nerve

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2
Q

Name the 4 layers of the anterior compartment of the forearm and their muscle constituents

A

Superficial layer(arise form medial epicondyle of humerus)- Pronator teres, Flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus and flexor carpi ulnaris

2- FLexor digitorum superficiallis

3-Flexor digitorum profundus, FLexor Pollicis longis

4- Pronator quadratus

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3
Q

WHat flexes the MCP and PIP joints?

A

flexor digitorum superficialis

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4
Q

WHat flexes the DIP joints?

A

Flexor digitorum profundus

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5
Q
A

Yellow= Pronator Teres

Green= Flexor carpi radialis

Blue= Palmaris Longus

Red= Flexor carpi ulnaris

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6
Q
A

Flexor digitorum superficialiis

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7
Q
A

Red= Flexor pollicis longus

Blue- flexor digitorum profundus

Green= pronator quadratus

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8
Q

What innervates the anterior compartment of the arm? and name the muscles

A

musculocutaneous nerve and Biceps brachii, brachialis and coracobrachialis

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9
Q

Biceps brachii has 2 heads, name the overall action and the insertion of them

A

Flexion of the arm at shoulder and elbow, Long head origin = supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula and short head- coracoid process of scapula

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10
Q

What is the origin of the brachialis and what is its action?

A

lower half of anterior humerus and the action if flexion of arm at elbow

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11
Q

what is the origin and action of coracobrachialis?

A

coracoid process of scapula and the action is flexion of arm at shoulder

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12
Q
A

Red= biceps brachii, Green= coracobrachialis and blue= brachiallis

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13
Q

what innervates posterior arm? and what is its action?

A

radial nerve and extends arm at shoulder and elbow

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14
Q

which head of the triceps cannot be seen?

A

the medial head

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15
Q

what innervates the posterior forearm?

A

radial nerve

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16
Q

what is the action of the posterior forearm?

A

extensors

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17
Q
A

Yellow= supinator

Brown= extensor pollicis longus and brevis

blue= extensor indicis

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18
Q
A

Red= brachioradiallis

Blue= extensor pollicis longus and brevis

Yellow= extensor digitorum

Green= extensor digiti minimi

Purple= extensor carpi ulnaris

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19
Q

What muscles does the wrist have?

A

flexor retinaculum and extensor retinaculum

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20
Q

what is the carpal tunnel?

A

space between flexor retinaculum and carpal bones

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21
Q

name the carpal bones

A

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, hammate, capitate, trapezioid, trapezium

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22
Q

what innervates the lumbricals?

A

lateral 2= median nerve

Medial 2= ulnar nerve

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23
Q

what provides sensation to the fingers?

A

lateral sensation= median nerve

medial sensation= ulnar nerve

24
Q

name the thenar muscles? and what are they innervated by? Action?

A

Abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponones pollicis. Median nerve. FIne movements of the thumband origin at the base of thumb

25
Q

Where are the hypothenar muscles found, their names and innervation?

A

pinky, Abductor digiti minnimi, Flexor digiti minimi opponons digiti minnimi innervated by the ulnar nerve

26
Q

what does the ulnar nerve innervate?

A

medial half of flexor digitorum profundus, flexor carpi ulnaris and interossei muscles

27
Q

what innervates the lateral palmar surface and lateral 3.5 digits?

What innervates the medial palmar surface and 1.5 digits?

A

median nerve

Ulnar nerve

28
Q

What is the innervations of the thigh?

A

Anterior leg= femoral nerve

Medial leg= obturator nerve

posterior lg= sciatic nerve

29
Q

Name the three main bones of thigh and leg

A

the femur, Tibia= medial part of leg, Fibular= lateral leg

30
Q

What is the blood supply of the leg?

A

aorta–> common iliac artery–> external iliac artery–> femoral artery –> tibial and politeal

31
Q

what is the nerve suply?

A

sciatic nerve–> common peroneal–> deep peroneal nerve(anterior leg) and superficial peroneal nerve (lateral leg) tibial nerve= posterior leg

32
Q

Actions of anterior posterior and lateral leg?

A

anterior leg= dorsiflexion, posterior leg= plantarflexion and lateral leg= eversion

33
Q

what forms the femoral triangle and what passes through it?

A

inguinal ligament, sartorius adductor longus, FMEORAL VAN medial to lateral

34
Q
A

Light green= Psoas major

Green= illiacus

Yellow= rectus femoris

Red= vastus mediallis

Blue= vastus ateralis

Purple= sartorius

orange= pectineus

35
Q
A

Red= biceps femoris

Blue= semi membranosus

Yellow= semi tendinosus

36
Q

the function of these muscles and what muscle is missing

A

medial thigh muscles= hip adductors and gracillis

37
Q
A

Green= Tibiallis anterior

Red= extensor digitorum longus

Purple= extensor hollucis longus

38
Q
A

Top yellow= gastrocnemius

purple= plantaris

green= soleus

bottom yellow= calcaneal tendon

39
Q
A

brown= popliteus

red= tibiallis posterior

green= flexor digitorum longus

blue= flexor hollucis longus

40
Q
A

long= peroneus longus

short= peroneus brevis

41
Q

What are the possible actions of the hip?

A

flexion, extension, adduction abduction, rotation=lateral and medial

42
Q

what flexes the hip?

A

sartorius and rectus femoris, ASIS And ISIS origins respectively

43
Q

Extension of hip?

A

gluteus maximus and semimembranosus and tendinosus and biceps femoris all originate from ischial tuberosity- what you sit on

44
Q

Adduction of hip?

A

medial leg, gracillis obturator externus and the adductors all come from pubis

45
Q

abduction of hip?

A

gluteus maximus and medius

46
Q

lateral rotation of hip

A

sartorius

47
Q

medial rotation of hip

A

gracillis, adductor magnus longus and brevis and pectineus

48
Q

flexion of leg?

A

back hamstring= biceps femoris, semi membranosus and semi tendinosus

49
Q

extension of leg?

A

front quads- rectus femoris, vastus lateralis and medialis and intermedius

50
Q

adduction of leg?

A

gracilis and adductors

51
Q

dorsiflexion?

A

anterior leg

52
Q

plantarflexion?

A

posterior leg

53
Q

eversion?

A

peroneus longus and brevis

54
Q

inversion

A

tibialis anterior and posterior

55
Q

4 ligaments of knee?

A

anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments and collaterals

56
Q
A

msk anatomy (2 decks)

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