Compartmentalised Flashcards
What is the function of the anterior compartment of the forearm? and what is the majority innervation?
Flexion of the wrist and median nerve
Name the 4 layers of the anterior compartment of the forearm and their muscle constituents
Superficial layer(arise form medial epicondyle of humerus)- Pronator teres, Flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus and flexor carpi ulnaris
2- FLexor digitorum superficiallis
3-Flexor digitorum profundus, FLexor Pollicis longis
4- Pronator quadratus
WHat flexes the MCP and PIP joints?
flexor digitorum superficialis
WHat flexes the DIP joints?
Flexor digitorum profundus
Yellow= Pronator Teres
Green= Flexor carpi radialis
Blue= Palmaris Longus
Red= Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor digitorum superficialiis
Red= Flexor pollicis longus
Blue- flexor digitorum profundus
Green= pronator quadratus
What innervates the anterior compartment of the arm? and name the muscles
musculocutaneous nerve and Biceps brachii, brachialis and coracobrachialis
Biceps brachii has 2 heads, name the overall action and the insertion of them
Flexion of the arm at shoulder and elbow, Long head origin = supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula and short head- coracoid process of scapula
What is the origin of the brachialis and what is its action?
lower half of anterior humerus and the action if flexion of arm at elbow
what is the origin and action of coracobrachialis?
coracoid process of scapula and the action is flexion of arm at shoulder
Red= biceps brachii, Green= coracobrachialis and blue= brachiallis
what innervates posterior arm? and what is its action?
radial nerve and extends arm at shoulder and elbow
which head of the triceps cannot be seen?
the medial head
what innervates the posterior forearm?
radial nerve
what is the action of the posterior forearm?
extensors
Yellow= supinator
Brown= extensor pollicis longus and brevis
blue= extensor indicis
Red= brachioradiallis
Blue= extensor pollicis longus and brevis
Yellow= extensor digitorum
Green= extensor digiti minimi
Purple= extensor carpi ulnaris
What muscles does the wrist have?
flexor retinaculum and extensor retinaculum
what is the carpal tunnel?
space between flexor retinaculum and carpal bones
name the carpal bones
scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, hammate, capitate, trapezioid, trapezium
what innervates the lumbricals?
lateral 2= median nerve
Medial 2= ulnar nerve
what provides sensation to the fingers?
lateral sensation= median nerve
medial sensation= ulnar nerve
name the thenar muscles? and what are they innervated by? Action?
Abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponones pollicis. Median nerve. FIne movements of the thumband origin at the base of thumb
Where are the hypothenar muscles found, their names and innervation?
pinky, Abductor digiti minnimi, Flexor digiti minimi opponons digiti minnimi innervated by the ulnar nerve
what does the ulnar nerve innervate?
medial half of flexor digitorum profundus, flexor carpi ulnaris and interossei muscles
what innervates the lateral palmar surface and lateral 3.5 digits?
What innervates the medial palmar surface and 1.5 digits?
median nerve
Ulnar nerve
What is the innervations of the thigh?
Anterior leg= femoral nerve
Medial leg= obturator nerve
posterior lg= sciatic nerve
Name the three main bones of thigh and leg
the femur, Tibia= medial part of leg, Fibular= lateral leg
What is the blood supply of the leg?
aorta–> common iliac artery–> external iliac artery–> femoral artery –> tibial and politeal
what is the nerve suply?
sciatic nerve–> common peroneal–> deep peroneal nerve(anterior leg) and superficial peroneal nerve (lateral leg) tibial nerve= posterior leg
Actions of anterior posterior and lateral leg?
anterior leg= dorsiflexion, posterior leg= plantarflexion and lateral leg= eversion
what forms the femoral triangle and what passes through it?
inguinal ligament, sartorius adductor longus, FMEORAL VAN medial to lateral
Light green= Psoas major
Green= illiacus
Yellow= rectus femoris
Red= vastus mediallis
Blue= vastus ateralis
Purple= sartorius
orange= pectineus
Red= biceps femoris
Blue= semi membranosus
Yellow= semi tendinosus
the function of these muscles and what muscle is missing
medial thigh muscles= hip adductors and gracillis
Green= Tibiallis anterior
Red= extensor digitorum longus
Purple= extensor hollucis longus
Top yellow= gastrocnemius
purple= plantaris
green= soleus
bottom yellow= calcaneal tendon
brown= popliteus
red= tibiallis posterior
green= flexor digitorum longus
blue= flexor hollucis longus
long= peroneus longus
short= peroneus brevis
What are the possible actions of the hip?
flexion, extension, adduction abduction, rotation=lateral and medial
what flexes the hip?
sartorius and rectus femoris, ASIS And ISIS origins respectively
Extension of hip?
gluteus maximus and semimembranosus and tendinosus and biceps femoris all originate from ischial tuberosity- what you sit on
Adduction of hip?
medial leg, gracillis obturator externus and the adductors all come from pubis
abduction of hip?
gluteus maximus and medius
lateral rotation of hip
sartorius
medial rotation of hip
gracillis, adductor magnus longus and brevis and pectineus
flexion of leg?
back hamstring= biceps femoris, semi membranosus and semi tendinosus
extension of leg?
front quads- rectus femoris, vastus lateralis and medialis and intermedius
adduction of leg?
gracilis and adductors
dorsiflexion?
anterior leg
plantarflexion?
posterior leg
eversion?
peroneus longus and brevis
inversion
tibialis anterior and posterior
4 ligaments of knee?
anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments and collaterals
