Compartment Syndrome Cards

Question 1

The posterior tibial artery is located within what compartment of the lower extremity?

Answer 1

ANSWER: Deep layer of the posterior compartment of the lower leg REFERENCE: –Clinically Oriented Anatomy, p. 602

Question 2

The posterior tibial artery primarily supplies blood to what muscles in the lower extremity?

Answer 2

ANSWER: –Muscles within the deep layer of the posterior compartment of the lower leg, including the tibialis posterior, popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, and flexor hallucis longus muscles –Muscles located on the plantar surface of the foot (e.g., flexor digitorum brevis) REFERENCES: –Clinically Oriented Anatomy, p. 598, Table 5.13.II; p. 602, Figure 5.64

Question 3

The anterior tibial artery is located within what compartment of the lower extremity?

Answer 3

ANSWER: Anterior compartment of the lower leg REFERENCE: –Clinically Oriented Anatomy, p. 588, Figure 5.53

Question 4

The anterior tibial artery primarily supplies blood to what muscles in the lower extremity?

Answer 4

ANSWER: –Muscles within the anterior compartment of the lower leg, including the tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, and fibularis tertius muscles REFERENCE: –Clinically Oriented Anatomy, p. 591, Table 5.10

Question 5

What structures are included in the lateral compartment of the lower leg?

Answer 5

ANSWER: Fibularis longus and fibularis brevis muscles REFERENCE: Clinically Oriented Anatomy, p. 591, Table 5.10

Question 6

What artery or arteries supply blood to the lateral compartment of the lower leg?

Answer 6

ANSWER: Perforating branches of the anterior tibial artery and the fibular artery. (Note: The fibular artery is a major branch off of the posterior tibial artery.) REFERENCE: Clinically Oriented Anatomy, p. 588, Figure 5.53; p. 596

Question 7

What artery or arteries supply blood to the anterior compartment of the lower leg?

Answer 7

ANSWER: The anterior tibial artery REFERENCE: Clinically Oriented Anatomy, p. 594, Table 5.12

Question 8

What artery or arteries primarily supply blood to the deep layer of the posterior compartment of the lower leg?

Answer 8

ANSWER: The posterior tibial artery REFERENCE: Clinically Oriented Anatomy, p. 602

Question 9

What structures are included in the posterior compartment of the lower leg? (*Hint: The posterior compartment has two layers: superficial layer and deep layer.)

Answer 9

ANSWER: *Superficial layer –Muscles: Gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris *Deep layer –Muscles: Tibialis posterior, popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus –Nerve: Tibial nerve –Arteries: Posterior tibial artery, fibular artery. (Note: The fibular artery is a major branch off of the posterior tibial artery.) REFERENCE: Clinically Oriented Anatomy, p. 588, Figure 5.53; p. 596; p. 597, Table 5.13.I; p. 598, Table 5.13.II; p. 602

Question 10

Q#1: What artery or arteries primarily supply blood to the superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the lower leg? Q#2: Where does this artery or arteries arise from?

Answer 10

ANSWER #1: The sural arteries ANSWER #2: The sural arteries usually arise from the distal portion of the popliteal artery as two branches, lateral and medial. REFERENCE: –C. Anatomy app –Clinically Oriented Anatomy, p. 587

Question 11

What structures are included in the anterior compartment of the lower leg?

Answer 11

ANSWER: –Muscles: Tibialis anterior, fibularis tertius, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus –Nerve: Deep fibular nerve –Artery: Anterior tibial artery REFERENCE: Clinically Oriented Anatomy, p. 588, Figure 5.53; p. 591, Table 5.10

Question 12

What actions are associated with each compartment of the lower leg?

Answer 12

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