Comparisons Flashcards

1
Q

Archaeal traits

A

Lack peptidoglycan

Cell membrane consists of isoprene monolayer with ether-linked lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Monooxygenase vs dioxygenase

A

In the monooxygenases, only a single atom of dioxygen is incorporated into a substrate with the other being reduced to a water molecule.
The dioxygenases catalyze the oxidation of a substrate without the reduction of one oxygen atom from dioxygen into a water molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Type I vs type II methanotrophs

A
  • Type I methanotrophs are part of the Gammaproteobacteria and they use the RuMP pathway to assimilate carbon.
  • Type II methanotrophs are part of the Alphaproteobacteria and utilize the Serine pathway of carbon assimilation.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Thermoplasma vs Mycoplasma

A

Both lack cell walls
Thermoplasma: Cell membrane contains tetraester lipoglycans
Mycoplasma: plasma membrane contains sterols and lipoglycans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Thermoplasma vs Picrophilus

A

Both acidophiles
Thermoplasma thermophilic
Picrophilus no thermophilic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Nitrospira vs nitrobacter

A

Nitrospira: ammonia oxidizer
Nitrobacter: nitrate oxidizer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bdellovibrio vs Myxobacteria

A

Both prey on bacteria
Bdellovibrio invade host Cell
Myxobacteria lyse host cells from outside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Nitrogen fixation

A

A process by which nitrogen in the earths atmosphere is converted to ammonia and other molecules important to organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Swiss cheese

A

Propionibacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Acetogens

A

Struck anaerobes that reduce CO2 to acetate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Anammox

A

Require anaerobic conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Prosthecae

A

Cytoplasmic extrusions found in bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Elementary body

A

Non-multiplying cells specialized for infectious transmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cyclic vs non-cyclic phosphorylation

A

Non-Cyclic: electrons do not cycle back to reduce the oxidized P680, but instead are used in the reduction of NADP+

Cyclic: uses photo system I, electrons cycle back. This process produces no NADPH and no O2, but it does make ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When noncyclic phosphorylation occurs

A

When reducing power in oxygen in phosphorylation is low

If reducing power is high, cyclic phosphorylation occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cardinal temps

A

Minimum - CM fluid enough
Optimum
Maximum- above which growth impossible

17
Q

Mixed acid fermenters vs Butanediol fermenters

A
Butanediol: (E. coli)
-more CO2 than H2 produced
-Small quantities of acids
Mixed acid: (Enterobacter)
-No butanediol
-Small quantities of Ethanol, CO2 and H2
-Considerable more acidic (succinic, lactic, acetic acids)
18
Q

Planctomyces vs Caulobacter

A

Planktomyces: stalk consists of protein and is narrower

Caulobacter: stalk filled with cytoplasm and is a Prosthecae
Division by budding

19
Q

Oxidation of ammonia to hydroxyalamine

A

Ammonia monooxygenase

20
Q

Oxidation of hydroxyamine

A

Hudroxylamine oxidoreductase

21
Q

Oxidation of nitrate

A

Nitrate oxidoreductase

22
Q

Acetic acid industrial applications

A

Vinegar
Cosmetics
Paper

23
Q

Baterialchlorophyll

A

Anoxygenic photosynthesis

24
Q

Biochemical oxygen demand

A

Amount of dissolved oxygen consumed by microbes to completely oxidize all organic and inorganic matter in a water sample
Efficiency of treatment is measure in term of reduction in BOD
Goal: to reduce all organic/inorganic minerals and to reduce potentially toxic minerals.

25
Methods of reduction of microbial numbers in water supply
Disinfection Sterilization Decontamination Inhibition
26
Si importance
Key component of diatoms extracellular skeletons
27
What 2 purposes are inorganic compounds oxidized by chemolithotrophs
To obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds | to obtain reducing power