Comparisons

Question 1

Archaeal traits

Answer 1

Lack peptidoglycan

Cell membrane consists of isoprene monolayer with ether-linked lipids

Question 2

Monooxygenase vs dioxygenase

Answer 2

In the monooxygenases, only a single atom of dioxygen is incorporated into a substrate with the other being reduced to a water molecule.
The dioxygenases catalyze the oxidation of a substrate without the reduction of one oxygen atom from dioxygen into a water molecule

Question 3

Type I vs type II methanotrophs

Answer 3

• Type I methanotrophs are part of the Gammaproteobacteria and they use the RuMP pathway to assimilate carbon.
• Type II methanotrophs are part of the Alphaproteobacteria and utilize the Serine pathway of carbon assimilation.

Question 4

Thermoplasma vs Mycoplasma

Answer 4

Both lack cell walls
Thermoplasma: Cell membrane contains tetraester lipoglycans
Mycoplasma: plasma membrane contains sterols and lipoglycans

Question 5

Thermoplasma vs Picrophilus

Answer 5

Both acidophiles
Thermoplasma thermophilic
Picrophilus no thermophilic

Question 6

Nitrospira vs nitrobacter

Answer 6

Nitrospira: ammonia oxidizer
Nitrobacter: nitrate oxidizer

Question 7

Bdellovibrio vs Myxobacteria

Answer 7

Both prey on bacteria
Bdellovibrio invade host Cell
Myxobacteria lyse host cells from outside

Question 8

Nitrogen fixation

Answer 8

A process by which nitrogen in the earths atmosphere is converted to ammonia and other molecules important to organisms

Question 9

Swiss cheese

Answer 9

Propionibacteria

Question 10

Acetogens

Answer 10

Struck anaerobes that reduce CO2 to acetate

Question 11

Anammox

Answer 11

Require anaerobic conditions

Question 12

Prosthecae

Answer 12

Cytoplasmic extrusions found in bacteria

Question 13

Elementary body

Answer 13

Non-multiplying cells specialized for infectious transmission

Question 14

Cyclic vs non-cyclic phosphorylation

Answer 14

Non-Cyclic: electrons do not cycle back to reduce the oxidized P680, but instead are used in the reduction of NADP+

Cyclic: uses photo system I, electrons cycle back. This process produces no NADPH and no O2, but it does make ATP

Question 15

When noncyclic phosphorylation occurs

Answer 15

When reducing power in oxygen in phosphorylation is low

If reducing power is high, cyclic phosphorylation occurs

Question 16

Cardinal temps

Answer 16

Minimum - CM fluid enough
Optimum
Maximum- above which growth impossible

Question 17

Mixed acid fermenters vs Butanediol fermenters

Answer 17

Butanediol: (E. coli)
-more CO2 than H2 produced
-Small quantities of acids
Mixed acid: (Enterobacter)
-No butanediol
-Small quantities of Ethanol, CO2 and H2
-Considerable more acidic (succinic, lactic, acetic acids)

Question 18

Planctomyces vs Caulobacter

Answer 18

Planktomyces: stalk consists of protein and is narrower

Caulobacter: stalk filled with cytoplasm and is a Prosthecae
Division by budding

Question 19

Oxidation of ammonia to hydroxyalamine

Answer 19

Ammonia monooxygenase

Question 20

Oxidation of hydroxyamine

Answer 20

Hudroxylamine oxidoreductase

Question 21

Oxidation of nitrate

Answer 21

Nitrate oxidoreductase

Question 22

Acetic acid industrial applications

Answer 22

Vinegar
Cosmetics
Paper

Question 23

Baterialchlorophyll

Answer 23

Anoxygenic photosynthesis

Question 24

Biochemical oxygen demand

Answer 24

Amount of dissolved oxygen consumed by microbes to completely oxidize all organic and inorganic matter in a water sample
Efficiency of treatment is measure in term of reduction in BOD
Goal: to reduce all organic/inorganic minerals and to reduce potentially toxic minerals.

Question 25

Methods of reduction of microbial numbers in water supply

Answer 25

Disinfection
Sterilization
Decontamination
Inhibition

Question 26

Si importance

Answer 26

Key component of diatoms extracellular skeletons

Question 27

What 2 purposes are inorganic compounds oxidized by chemolithotrophs

Answer 27

To obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds

to obtain reducing power