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Criminology > Compare Criminal and Deviant Behaviour > Flashcards

Compare Criminal and Deviant Behaviour Flashcards

1
Q

What is the social definition of a crime?

A

Behaviour or activity that offends the social code of a particular community

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2
Q

What is the legal definition of a crime?

A

An act that breaks the law. Crime is an international violation of the criminal laws.

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3
Q

What are the 2 ways crimes can be punished

A

Formally and informally

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4
Q

What does actus reus mean?

A

A guilty act

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5
Q

What does mens rea mean?

A

A guilty mind

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6
Q

What does deviancy mean?

A

A behaviour that goes against the social norms of a specific group or society. This can differ between cultures and/or the situation

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7
Q

What are the 3 types of deviancy?

A
  • Unusual and good
  • Unusual and eccentric
  • Unusual and bad
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8
Q

Why are crime and deviancy hard to define?

A

They are both social constructs so what they mean changes from person to person

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9
Q

What are 3 examples of deviant acts?

A

Hoarding newspapers, walking barefoot and being a part of a subculture

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10
Q

What are 3 examples of criminal acts?

A

Illegally downloading music, speeding and stealing baby food

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11
Q

What are 3 examples of acts that are both criminal and deviant?

A

Murdering someone, cannibalism and being homeless

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12
Q

What are the 3 types of criminal offences?

A
  • Summary only offences
  • Triable either way offences
  • Indictable offences
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13
Q

Define a summary only offence?

A

A less serious offence ,like stealing, that is always tried in the magistrates courts

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14
Q

Define a triable either way offence?

A

Middle tier serious offences, like drug dealing, that are either heard in the crown courts or the magistrates courts

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15
Q

Define a indictable offence?

A

The most serious offences, like murder, that are always heard in the crown courts

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16
Q

What are 3 types of indictable offence?

A
  • Assault (violence against a person)
  • Rioting (public order offence)
  • Arson (criminal damage)
17
Q

What are the 2 types of sanctions?

A

Formal sanctions and informal sanctions

18
Q

Define a formal sanction and give an example.

A

A punishment imposed by official bodies such as the police and the court.

Example: prison

19
Q

Define an informal sanction and give an example.

A

A punishment that is given by society as a way of showing their disproval towards their behaviour.

Example: public shaming

20
Q

Define a caution and the type of crime it is given for.

A

A warning given by the police or the crown prosecution for minor crimes like graffiti.

21
Q

Define a conditional caution and the type of crime it is given for.

A

Certain restrictions that an offender has to follow like getting treatment for drug abuse.

22
Q

Define a penalties notice and the type of crime it is given for.

A

This is a payment the offender must make to not get convicted for it, these are given for minor crimes.

23
Q

Define what a custodial sentence.

A

When you are imprisoned or put in a young offenders institute.

24
Q

Define what a community sentence is.

A

It is a punishment that is served in a community rather than custody.

25
Q

Define what a fine is.

A

A financial penalty that changes in amount depending on the severity of the offence.

26
Q

What are the 2 types of discharge.

A

Conditional discharge and unconditional discharge

27
Q

What is an unconditional discharge?

A

An unconditional discharge is when the offender has been found guilty but a formal sanction does not fit

28
Q

What is a conditional discharge?

A

A conditional discharge is when the offender cant commit any further offences in a given period of time

29
Q

Define a norm.

A

Acceptable behaviour in a certain situation/environment

30
Q

Define values.

A

Internal ideas of right and wrong that are not enforced by society

31
Q

Define moral code.

A

The idea of what is morally right or wrong among groups of people and society

32
Q

Define mores.

A

A norm governed by morality, extreme norms that focus on morally correct and ethical behaviour

33
Q

What is an example of a norm?

A

Wearing shoes outside

34
Q

What is an example of values?

A

Respecting your elders

35
Q

What is an example of moral code?

A

Honesty, respect and compassion

36
Q

What are examples of mores?

A

Cannibalism goes against it

Criminology (7 decks)

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