Compare C&D behaviour

Question 1

What is a norm?

Answer 1

a specific rules that is socially accepted and is dependent on context (location, time) and social factors (age)

Question 2

What is a value?

Answer 2

what people believe are right and wrong in society and are general guidelines

Question 3

What is a moral code?

Answer 3

basic rules, values and principles held by society

Question 4

Is wearing a uniform a norm or a value?

Answer 4

norm because it is dependent on context

Question 5

Why is believing everyone should be treated equally and with respect a value?

Answer 5

not everyone believes that is the right thing to do in society e.g. homophobes don’t respect homosexuals

Question 6

What is deviance?

Answer 6

behaviour that isn’t the norms and values of society

Question 7

What is admired deviance?

Answer 7

behaviour that doesn’t conform but earns them admiration e.g. risking own life to save someone else’s e.g. firefighters in Twin Tower

Question 8

What is odd deviance?

Answer 8

behaviour that challenges norms and values or behaviour that many wouldn’t do but not illegal e.g. talking to trees, wearing opposite sex clothes

Question 9

What is bad deviance?

Answer 9

criminal behaviour and can change on era and situation e.g. homosexuality was illegal until 1969, murder but in war it’s accepted

Question 10

What 2 elements does an action usually have to be considered a crime?

Answer 10

an actus rea (guilty act)
a mens rea (guilty mind)

Question 11

What are the 2 exceptions of considering a crime a crime?

Answer 11

strict liability (mens rea not needed. owner is liable for failing to safeguard machines even if harm wasn’t intended)
self-defence (as long as actus rea was with reasonable force)

Question 12

What are the 2 ways that a criminal act can be classified by?

Answer 12

the seriousness
their subject matter

Question 13

What is the difference between a summary offence and an indictable offence?

Answer 13

summary is less serious e.g. speeding
indictable is more serious e.g. murder/rape

summary is tried by a magistrate
indictable is tried in a Crown court

Question 14

Violence against a person, sexual offences, fraud, criminal damage, property offences, public order offences are … offences

Answer 14

indictable

Question 15

Who can impose a formal sanction against deviance?

Answer 15

police, courts, schools and institutions

Question 16

Is excluding a pupil from school and fining an offender for speeding a formal or informal sanction against deviance?

Answer 16

formal

Question 17

What is the difference between a formal and informal sanction against deviance?

Answer 17

formal are formally written rules
informal aren’t formally written/ they’re unspoken

Question 18

What is a custodial sentence?

Answer 18

imprisonment or detention in a young offenders’ institution for committing an indictable offence

this sentence length varies from days to life

Question 19

How many years does a prisoner usually serve before being allowed to apply for parole during a life sentence?

Answer 19

15 years

Question 20

What are some examples of a community sentence?

Answer 20

curfews, mandatory drug testing, Community payback, probation orders, fines, discharge

Question 21

What is a discharge?

Answer 21

conditional: offender doesn’t commit a crime for a period but if they do they can be sentenced for both the original and new offences

unconditional: offender is guilty but punishment is inappropiate

Question 22

Who does the sanctioning for minor/summary offences?

Answer 22

the police

Question 23

What is a caution given by the police?

Answer 23

a warning for anyone aged 10+ and is usually given for first timer and minor offences (vandalism)

Question 24

What can happen if you don’t accept a caution given by the police?

Answer 24

arrested and charged but not convicted

Question 25

What other sanction besides a caution can the police sanction?

Answer 25

penalties for minor crimes (cannabis possession) and if you don’t pay you go to trial

Question 26

What are 3 possible consequences when you have a criminal record?

Answer 26

may be banned from travelling to certain countries
placed on Sex Offender register
can’t work with children