Compare and Contrast

Question 1

Anorexia and Bulemia

Answer 1

Both ED
Anorexia: drastic wt loss, excessive dieting
Bulemia: may not be very thin, eats and then behaves in an inappropriate manner, such as vomiting.

Question 2

Mineral Crystals vs. Collagen in bone

Answer 2

Both make up bone
Mineral Crystals: 65%, strength and structural support
Collagen: 35%, flexability

Question 3

Cortical Bone vs. Trabecular Bone

Answer 3

Both in tissue
Cortical bone: 80%, compact bone, very dense, found in outer walls of larger bones
Trabecular Bone: 20%, lacy bone, found in the ends of long bone

Question 4

Vit D as a Hormone vs. Vit D as a Vitamin

Answer 4

Hormone: released in the blood,

Question 5

Post Menopausal Osteoporosis vs. Senile Osteoporosis

Answer 5

Post Menopausal : 6W: 1M, bone loss at trabecular bone, fracture sites at wrist and spine, 50-70 yo, rapid loss of estrogen, testosterone.
Senile Osteoporosis: 2 W :1 M, bone loss at trabecular and cortical, Fracture site at hip, 70+ yo, reduced Ca absorption, inc in bone mineral loss, inc risk of falling

Question 6

Bulemia vs. Binge Eating Disorder

Answer 6

Bulemia: Throw up

Binge Eating: Starve and then eat massive amts.

Question 7

Short PA vs. Long PA

Answer 7

Short: uses anaerobic metabolism, glucose used in blood, glycogen in muscles
Long: Uses aerobic metabolism, glucose used in blood, glycogen in muscles and liver, triglycerides in adipose tissue

Question 8

Term vs. Premature

Answer 8

Term: 3.5 kg
Premature: occurs before start of 37 wk, lungs, gut kidneys not properly developped

Question 9

Oxytocin vs Prolactin

Answer 9

Both are hormones essential during lactation
Prolactin: Hormone that stimulates production of milk
Oxytocin: squeezes milk out of breast

Question 10

Colostrum

Answer 10

first milk, contains antibodies, stimulates gut bacteria, laxative for meconium excretion

Question 11

Elemental Iron vs. Heme Iron

Answer 11

Heme Iron: animal sources, 10% of DI, 25% absorption

Elemental Iron: Plant sources, 90% of DI, 10 % absorption

Question 12

Compare Nutrition requirements for pregnant women

Answer 12

1 Trimester: EER
2 Trimester: EER + 340kcal
3 Trimester: EER + 450 kcal
Lactating: EER + 500kcal (-170kcal) if losing wt

Question 13

Child in the 85th percentile
Child in the 50th percentil
Child in the 96th percentile
Child in the 90th percentile

Answer 13

85th: inc. risk of obesity
50th: 10% chance of becoming obeses
96th: high probability of becoming obese
90th: elevated risk of becoming o/w

Question 14

Vegan diets vs. regular diets

Answer 14

Vegan: at risk of iron, vit b12, zinc, calcium, vit D deficiency
Regular Diets: at risk of CVD,

Question 15

DASH Diet vs American Diet

Answer 15

DASH Diet: Inc F+V, fibre, lower cholesterol, lower sodium, higher L
American diet: High in cholesterol, and sodium

Question 16

Baby Diet vs. Adult Diet

Answer 16

Baby Diet: Milk
55% fat, 6% protein, 39% CHO
Adult Diet:
30% fat, 12% protein, 58% CHO

Question 17

Marasmus vs. Kwashiorkow

Answer 17

Marasmus

• successful adaptation to PEM
• 60% body wt
• “skin and bones” appearance
• severely deficient in protein, energy, vitamins, minerals
• Severe wt loss, muscle wasting
• infancy to 2 yo

Kwashiorkor

• unsuccessful adaptation to PEM
• 60-80% body wt
• protruding belly (edema), fatty liver
• deficient in protein or infection
• some muscle wasting, some fat retention
• 1-3 yo

Question 18

PEM: Successful vs unsuccessful

Answer 18

Successful PEM:

• Integrated metabolic response to a change in environmental conditions
• maintains steady state within “preferred range”
• fully reversible
• no loss in overall function

Unsuccessful PEM:

• more severe metabolic adjustment
• changes outside “preferred range”
• may not be reversible
• lack of physiological function