Company Officer Chapter 10 Flashcards
The re-ignition of gases that have arisen and encountered fresh air, and a new supply of oxygen?
Rollover
What is the national fire Academy’s fire flow formula?
Fire flow in (GPM )=
Area in SQFT ( LxW) Divided by 3
Ex. 20•30=600/3= 100gpm
A dramatic event in a room fire that rapidly leads to full involvement of all combustible materials present?
Flashover
A type of explosion caused by a sudden influx of air into a mixture of burning gasses that have been heated to the ignition temperature of at least one of them?
Backdraft
An assessment of the departments access to and into a building?
Access factors
Self operating Thermo sensitive device that releases a spray of water over a designated area to control or extinguish a fire?
Automatic fire protection sprinkler
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water 1°F?
(BTU). British thermal unit
An assessment of the consequences on the community which includes the people, their property, and the environment.
Community consequences
The science of the phenomena and consequences of fire?
Fire behavior
The movement of fire from one area to another?
Fire extension
Stuff that will burn?
Fire load
A type of building construction in which the structural components are noncombustible and protected from fire?
Type I construction
fire resistive construction
Second phase of fire growth has sufficient fuel and oxygen to allow for continued fire growth?
Free burning phase
The amount of heat given off by a particular substance during the combustion process?
Heat of combustion
A type of building construction in which the exterior walls are usually made of Masonary, and therefore noncombustible?
Type IV construction
Heavy timber construction
The minimum temperature to which a subject must be heated to start combustion after an ignition source is introduced?
Ignition temperature
First stage of fire Growth limited to the material originally ignited.
Incipient phase
The number of people in danger, the immediacy of their danger, and their ability to provide for their own safety?
Life risk factors
A type of building construction in which the structural elements are noncombustible or limited combustible?
Type II construction
Non-combustible construction
An assessment of the risks associated with a particular structure based on the content and activities there in?
Occupancy factors
A type of building construction in which the exterior walls are usually made of masonry, and therefore, noncombustible; the interior structural members may be either combustible or noncombustible?
Type III construction
Ordinary construction
An assessment of the value and hazards associated with property that is at risk?
Physical factors
An assessment of the resources available to mitigate a given situation?
Resource factors
A mental assessment of the situation; gathering and analyzing information that is critical to the outcome of the event?
Size up
Third stage of fire growth, once the oxygen has been reduced, visible fire diminishes.
Smoldering phase
The heat absorbing capacity of a substance?
Specific heat
Plumbing installed in a building or other structure to facilitate firefighting operations?
Standpipe system
And assessment of the age, condition, and structure type of a building, and the proximity to exposures?
Structural factors
And assessment of the safety hazards for both civilians and firefighters any particular occupancy?
Survival factors
The water flow requirements expressed in gallons per minute needed to control a fire in a given area?
Theoretical fire flow
Rising of hotter gases in an enclosed space, cooler gases will be forced down?
Thermal stratification
The systematic process to enhance the removal of smoke and fire byproducts and that entry of cooler air to facilitate rescue and firefighting operations?
Ventilation
A type of building construction in which the entire structure is made of wood or other combustible material?
Woodframe construction
How does the NFA fire flow formula help and prefire planning and fire suppression operations?
In order to control the fire the quantity of water applied to control the fire must be able to absorb the hate being produced. By using the formula in preplanning fire attacks you can get an idea of the amount of water you would need for a particular building, this also assists you in your size up to determine the # and size of lines needed
What are the five fire building classifications?
Type I fire restrictive construction Type II noncombustible construction Type III ordinary construction Type IV heavy timber construction Type V wood frame construction
This type of construction is the best. A building built of fire resistive materials and the structural components of the building that is the principal parts that hold the building up, are protected from direct exposure to any fire that may be On going in the building, no building is fireproof
Fire resistive construction
A type of building construction in which the structural elements are noncombustible or limited to , walls typically are masonry or concrete block roof has long spans without support popular for one story commercial and industrial group often steel beam or trust unsupported unprotected steel fails during fire conditions
Type II Non-combustible construction
Found in older cities is characterized by Masonary exterior walls often referred to as Main Street USA because of common use and small commercial occupancies also have what I referred to as taxpayers retail first floor residential above
Type III ordinary construction
Roof and floors or supported by roof rafters and Joyce substantial size often 3” x 10” these components were set into pocket in the masonry walls to reduce collapse during a fire the ends of the rafters and Joyce were often Firecut so they pull out of the pockets during collapse and don’t pull the walls down
Type III Ordinary construction
Called heavy timber or mill construction got its name from the type of structures built using these methods primarily northeastern states Masonary exterior walls and heavy timbers support floors and walls. The combination of heavy timbers and Masonary walls provide strength for structure. heavy timbers are at least 8” x 8”
Type IV heavy timber construction
Early often involved heavy machinery may have stressed the building and left oil soap floors while vastly superior to what is used today it can fail and sometimes surprisingly quick
Heavy timber
Entire construction is made of wood or other combustible material. Since pioneers nearly 400 years ago woodframe construction has been used because of low cost and ease. Always been a problem because the structure itself can be destroyed in fire. Older wood frames are balloon frame studs ran all the way up reducing costs
Woodframe construction
Platform frame construction the walls are erected one level at a time up on the platform of the floor. The long vertical spaces with balloon frame present a considerable hazards due to rapid and often undetected vertical fire spread within the walls, platform reduced these hazards
Woodframe construction
2” x 10” structural components to support floors lightweight trust that contains a fraction of wood used in solid component, far more vulnerable to failure when exposed to fire.
Lightweight construction
The expected maximum amount of combustible material in a given area. Maybe largest hazard, carpet books furniture etc. as well as wall and floor coverings.
Fuel load
Fire resistive and noncombustible apply to the _______itself.
Empty structure
Knowing the type of construction will help us predict the way the fire will be and how the structure itself will cope with the fire
T
Fire related problems associated with various building types
Type I fire resistive – large buildings, failure of concrete exposing structural members, retention of heat and smoke.
Type II – non-combustible – roof failure.
Type III – ordinary construction – fire spreads in concealed spaces. Buildings are old and often altered.
Type IV – heavy timber – have a fire load from the interior structural members and contents.
Type V – wood frame – combustible structure increase of lightweight construction, possible rapid failure and collapse.
Why is an understanding of building construction and fire behavior essential for you as the company officer?
It is important so you can be better at knowing how long or when you need to get out. Helps you be able to develop a little of a lifeline as to progress or if conditions are getting worse, how long you may have.
In construction types I and II the building __________ burn?
Type III and IV the ____Will not burn.
Type V______Burns
Will not burn
Walls will not burn
Everything burns
Where the risk justifies entering the building, you should realize that just because you can safely enter the building does not mean that you can_______
Safely stay in the building
The length of time firefighters can be expected to sustain an interior attack is usually_______
Very limited at best
Decisions regarding interior operations are among ________
the hardest you can expect to face
______ is the overall plan that is used to gain control of an incident
Strategy
When the _______ is well-defined, all personnel understand the tasks at hand and can focus their efforts on making it happen
strategy
Strategies and tactics lead us to an _______
action plan
The _______ puts the planning and thinking phases into motion
action plan
Assigning _______ to individual companies is an effective way to communicate what you want done
tactics
By assigning tactics, the incident commander allows companies to determine the _____ that best accomplish the required action
tasks
When giving a verbal order you should describe what job the receiver needs to perform, not how he or she should perform the job
true or false
True
Once the task is underway, the incident commander should get some _____
feedback about progress
A ____________ should be given any time you experienced a sudden change in conditions (good or bad), change levels (up or down), have completed your assigned task, or need additional resources to complete your assignment.
progress report
Just like the command assignments the progress report __________
should be brief, clear, and concise.
A commander may assign _______ with very specific directions
tasks
________ are departmental policies that provide a predetermined course of action for a given situation
SOPs
With SOP’s the companies can get to work and perform their assignments with a __________from the incident commander
little direction
And effective company officer should know what _______ are available
resources
If you do not know a resource exists you _______
cannot request it
Property conservation includes ______ that can mean a lot to someone
little things
The ______ of operation at an emergency scene are the most critical. They set the stage and tempo for how the event will play out
first five minutes
As a good company officer you should be able to ___________________without having to wait for a more senior officer to arrive
get on scene, conduct a size up, give a report, and get the show started
The chief should show up and relieve the officer if needed, but if all is going well, should let the company officer ________
continue to run the show
_________ once the event starts should also be part of our risk management process.
Limiting damage
When contacting the Red Cross, provide the following information:
– Address of incident – Address where victims can be contacted – Phone number of contact location – Number of displaced persons with information on age sex etc. – Fire department incident number
In the overall scheme of risk management, firefighting must be part of a continuum of effort that seeks to reduce life and property loss by using ______________
education, engineering, enforcement, and emergency response.
Firescope stands for
Fire resources of southern California organized for potential emergencies
Fire scope focused on command procedures resource management -________and communications
terminology
IMS looks upon emergency management as an extension of the type of management you should be doing on ________
a daily basis
_______Is a management tool
IMS
The focus of IMS is on ________ people and resources
managing
As the incident grows in size or complexity IMS allows you to _______ with other responders and grow the management system with it
smoothly integrate
At the largest incidents you will be operating under the ________ formerly known as the national response plan
national response framework ( NRF)
The national response framework defines the ________that organize how we respond as a nation
principles, rolls, and structures
The incident commander is responsible for the overall ________ of the event
management
Effective ______ are vital to incident management
communications
The focus of IMS is on effective management of people and resources
True or false
T
As we know it today, the IMS is an all risk all situation emergency management __________
Concept
IMS can be used for _________ activities too.
nonemergency
IMS works across _________ and organizational lines
political
IMS is designed to work from the ________ until the incident is concluded
time of alarm
The title ___________ may apply to an engine company officer or a chief of the department
incident commander
The president of the United States of America has directed federal agencies to _________ and encourage adoption of Nims by all stakeholders federal state territorial tribal substate regional and local government
adopt NIMS
HSPD
Homeland security presidential directive
Currently there are ________ required courses for command and Gen. staff select fire department heads with multi agency coordination system responsibilities area commanders emergency managers to be Nims compliant
six
Disasters can be ______ such as a tornado flood earthquake or winter storm or can be ________such as hazardous material spill utility failure or an act of terrorism
acts of nature
human made
Originally, the emergency management function was known as________.
civil defense
____________ refers to any governments responsibilities and capability for managing all types of emergencies and disasters by coordinating the actions of many organizations and agencies
Comprehensive emergency management
Comprehensive emergency management includes the four phases of disaster activity _____,____,____,____.
preparedness,
mitigation,
response,
recovery.
If an emergency meets the criteria of a countywide or state disaster the disaster declaration starts with the _______
local county emergency manager
__________ is the measures taken in preparation of a disaster or emergency and essential for effective response
Preparedness
_________ is related to the activities that are taken during and immediately following a disaster
Response
_______ refers to activities that actually eliminate or reduce the chance of occurrence or DFX of a disaster
Mitigation
________ is the activity or phase that involves restoring all systems to normal
Recovery
__________ recovery involves returning vital life-support systems
Short-term
____________may take years and may involve complete redevelopment of the area affected by the disaster
Long-term recovery
Robert T Stafford disaster relief and emergency assistance act,Public Law 93–288, as mandated the (__________)was enacted to supportState and local government and their citizens when disasters overwhelm them
Stafford act
The Stafford act authorizes two types of assistance individual _________
assistance and public assistance
Since ______ OSHA has require the use of an incident command system to manage the response and coordination of responders at hazardous materials incidents
1986
The ________ is the one position of that IMS that must be staffed at every alarm
incident commander
The first general staff position that should be delegated is the ______
operations section
The term division indicates a ________ assignment
geographical
The term group indicate a _______ assignment
functional
