Compact Bone Flashcards
COMPACT:
DENSE, WHITE, SMOOTH BONE THAT MAKES UP 80% OF OUR SKELETAL SYSTEM.
What are the regions of long bones?
Diaphysis, metaphysis, medullary cavity, epiphyseal plate/line; periosteum, and endosteum
Diaphysis:
ELONGATED, CYLINDRICAL PART OF A LONG BONE (BETWEEN TWO ENDS); THE SHAFT OF A LONG BONE
Metaphysis:
BETWEEN EPIPHYSIS AND DIAPHYSIS; IN ADULTS
Epiphysis:
KNOBBY REGION AT THE ENDS OF LONG BONE
Medullary cavity:
INSIDE OF DIAPHYSIS; CONTAINS YELLOW BONE MARROW IN ADULTS AND RED IN CHILDREN
Epiphyseal plate/line:
REMNANT OF EPIPHYSEAL PLATE THAT REMAINS WHEN LONG BONE GROWTH CEASES; THIN, DEFINED AREA OF COMPACT BONE
Periosteum:
TOUGH OUTER LAYER THAT PROTECTS BONE; DOUBLE LAYERED
Endosteum:
LAYER COVERING INSIDE OF BONE
4 types of cell in bone tissue:
Osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocyte, and osteoprogenitor
OSTEOPROGENITOR:
COMES FROM MESENCHYMAL TISSUE; DEVELOP INTO OSTEOBLASTS
OSTEOCLASTS:
COME FROM BONE MARROW CELLS; MULTINUCLEATED; PHAGOCYTIC
OSTEOBLASTS:
SYNTHESIZE AND SECRETE OSTEOID
OSTEOCYTE:
COME FROM OSTEOBLASTS; MATURE BONE CELLS; MAINTAIN BONE MATRIX; DETECT MECHANICAL STRESS ON BONE
Osteon:
SMALL CYLINDRICAL STRUCTURES THAT MAKE UP MATURE COMPACT BONE
Central canal:
CYLINDRICAL CHANNEL IN CENTER OF OSTEONS; BLOOD VESSELS AND NERVES ARE HERE
Perforating canal:
CONTAIN BLOOD VESSELS AND NERVES; RUN PERPENDICULAR TO CENTRAL CANALS; CONNECT CENTRAL CANALS WITHIN DIFFERENT OSTEONS TO MAKE A CHANNEL FOR A VASCULAR AND INNERVATION CONNECTION
Lamella:
RINGS OF BONE TISSUE THAT SURROUND THE CENTRAL CANAL AND FORM THE BULK OF THE OSTEON
Canaliculi:
INTERCONNECTING CHANNEL WITHIN BONE TISSUE THAT EXTEND FROM EACH LACUNA, THRU THE LAMELLAE, AND CONNECT TO OTHER LACUNAE AND THE CENTRAL CANAL.
