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Comp Sci > Comp Sci Mock > Flashcards

Comp Sci Mock Flashcards

1
Q

What is underflow?

A

A calculation too close to 0 to be represented in a given number of bits

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2
Q

What is overflow?

A

A calculation too large to be represented in a given number of bits

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3
Q

what is cancellation error?

A

Where addition or subtraction takes place with number of very different sizes

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4
Q

what is absolute error?

A

Number required-Number represented

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5
Q

What is relative error?

A

absolute error/number required

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6
Q

Why do we normalise floating point values?

A

Ensure only one representation of a number

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7
Q

What is the range in floating point?

A

The amount of numbers it can represent.

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8
Q

What is precision in floating point?

A

How close to you can get to representing complex numbers like 110111011. More bits = More precision

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9
Q

What is the largest and smallest number you can represent with a 6bit mantissa 4 bit exponent?

A

Largest 0.11111 0111

Smallest 1.00000 0111

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10
Q

How would you represent A AND B using logic notation?

A

A.B

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11
Q

How would you represent A OR B in logic notation?

A

A+B

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12
Q

How would you represent Not A in logic notation?

A

Ā

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13
Q

What values makes an XOR true?

A

01 and 10

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14
Q

What is DeMorgan’s Law?

A

Break the line, change the sign

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15
Q

What is Analogue Data?

A

Data that varies in a continuous manner

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16
Q

What is Digital Data?

A

Data that takes the form of discrete values

17
Q

What does a ADC do?

A

Converts analogue sound into digital signals that can be stored on a computer

18
Q

What does a DAC do?

A

Converts digital signals stored on a computer into analogue sound that can be played through devices such as speakers

19
Q

What is sampling rate?

A

The number of samples take per second. Measured in Hz

20
Q

What is sampling resolution?

A

The number of bits assigned to each sample

21
Q

What is the equation for file size for sound?

A

Sample rate* Sample resolution * Length of sound

22
Q

What is lossless compression?

A

Compression that doesn’t lose any accuracy and can be decompressed into an identical copy of the original data
(FLAC, WAV are examples for Audio. JPEG PNG for images) Uses Run length encoding which takes long repeated values such as 111111 and compresses it to (6-1) so six ones

23
Q

What is lossy compression?

A

Compression that loses file accuracy. Generally smaller than lossless compression. Finds audio data that is less audible to humans and discards it. Then stores the remaining data in an efficient manner.

24
Q

What is Nyquist’s theorem?

A

The sample rate should be at a frequency which is at least twice that of the highest frequency in the sampled signal

25
Q

What is MIDI?

A

Musical Information Data Interface. A way of representing sounds made by an instrument digitally. Information is stored such as volume, instrument and length of note. Is very flexible and easy to edit and has a smaller file size.

26
Q

How does an ADC work?

A

The analogue sound is sampled
At regular intervals
And stored as discrete values

27
Q

What is the role of the program counter?

A

Stores the address of the next instruction to be fetched

28
Q

What is the role of the accumulator?

A

Stores the results of instructions

29
Q

What is the role of the Current instruction register?

A

Holds the current instruction that is to be decoded

30
Q

What is the role of the memory address register?

A

Holds the memory addresses to be read or written to

31
Q

What is the role of the memory buffer register?

A

Holds the data item to be transferred to or from a memory location

32
Q

What is the role of the data bus?

A

A bidirectional bus that carries data between components

33
Q

What is the role of the Address bus?

A

A unidirectional bus from the processor that carries addresses to be read or written to

34
Q

What is the role of the control bus?

A

A bidirectional bus that carries control signals such as memory read or memory write.

35
Q

What is the role of the control unit?

A

Fetches decodes and executes instructions one at a time/ Decodes instructions and checks that signals have been delivered successfully

36
Q

What is the role of the Arithmetic logic unit?

A

Performs mathematical operations

37
Q

What are the roles of the registers?

A

Fast memory locations on the processor

38
Q

What happens in the decode execute process?

A
  • Instruction is held in the current instruction register
  • Control unit decodes the instruction
  • Opcode identifies what the instruction does
  • Relevant part of the processor executes the instruction
  • Instruction result is stored in main memory or accumulator
  • Status register is updated
39
Q

What is the role of the status register?

A

A flag set or cleared based on the result of the last instruction

Comp Sci (4 decks)

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