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Comp Sci > Comp Sci Ch. 1 Notes > Flashcards

Comp Sci Ch. 1 Notes Flashcards

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0
Q

What was the first computer?

A

Eniac

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1
Q

Who was the first programmer?

A

Ada Lovelace

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2
Q

Why was the eniac built?

A

To help the allies in WWII

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3
Q

Had the eniac been out off, what would happen to modern computers?

A

We wouldn’t have them

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4
Q

Analog is ____

Digital is ____

A

Continuous, finite

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5
Q

What does a pit represent on a cd?

A

A 1

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6
Q

What does the smooth area of a cd represent?

A

A 0

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7
Q

How does RGB make colors?

A

It has 1-255 numbers for each shade of a color

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8
Q

Why do we use binary?

A

It is cheap and reliable

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9
Q

What doubles with every new bit?

A

The total possible

Combinations

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10
Q

What increases with the usage of more bits?

A

The accuracy of the end product

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11
Q

What matches in ASCII?

A

Letters and symbols to numbers

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12
Q

What is the advantage of Unicode?

A

It has more characters and bits than ASCII, allowing Chinese writing

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13
Q

What is an input

Device?

A

Keyboard, mouse

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14
Q

What is an output device?

A

A monitor

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15
Q

What is a communication device?

A

A router or modem

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16
Q

What does a CPU do?

A

Fetches, decodes, and executes instructions

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17
Q

Where does a CPU fetch data from?

A

The ram

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18
Q

What are the three parts of a CPU?

A

The arithmetic/logic unit, control unit, and registers

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19
Q

What controls the CPU?

A

The system clock

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20
Q

What does the system clock do?

A

Sends electric pulses at regular intervals

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21
Q

What is the main memory?

A

Ram

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22
Q

What is RAM aka?

A

Direct access memory

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23
Q

How many bits are in a byte?

A

8

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24
Q

What does defragmentation do?

A

Moves fragmented files so they are continuous

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25
Q

What are the direct access portions of computers?

A

Ram and rom

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26
Q

Who invented the idea behind the computer?

A

Babbage

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27
Q

How does a cd work?

A

By reflecting a laser off of a disc

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28
Q

What is the Nyquist-Shannon theorem?

A

Sample at a rate twice that of the frequency… 40kHz

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29
Q

How many bits are in a cd sample?

A

16

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30
Q

How many times per second is a higher quality cd sampled?

A

65,536

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31
Q

What is moore’s law?

A

We can double the number of transistors on a chip every 2 years

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32
Q

What is a transistor?

A

Building block of a computer

33
Q

Who was Gordon Moore?

A

The co founder of intel

34
Q

What machines use artificial intellegance?

A

Watson, deep blue, clever bot, spam filters, google car

35
Q

What is the turning test?

A

Alan. Tests machines ability to be like a human

36
Q

What is the middle man in data transfers?

A

The modem

37
Q

What is a point to point/mesh network?

A

All computers are connected I each other

38
Q

What is a bus connection?

A

Computers that share a single

Connection line

39
Q

What is a wide area network?

A

Multiple interconnected LAN’s

40
Q

What is ARPA!

A

Advanced research projects agency

41
Q

How many people are connected to the Internet?

A

2.2 billion

42
Q

What does TCP stand for?

A

Transmission control protocol

43
Q

What does IP stand for?

A

Internet protocol

44
Q

How does TCP help if something gets messed up?

A

The messed up bits are resent

45
Q

What is a problem with UDP?

A

If somehing is messed up, you’re sol

46
Q

What is a top level domain?

A

.com/.org ect

47
Q

How many bits are in an IPv4 address?

A

32

48
Q

How many bits are in an IPv6 address?

A

128

49
Q

What is DNS?

A

Domain name system, translates a URL to an ip address

50
Q

What is hypermedia?

A

Web document links other web documents

51
Q

What does URL mean?

A

Uniform resource locator

52
Q

What does HTML stand for?

A

Hyper text markup language

53
Q

What is an advantage to object oriented code?

A

When a project gets large, it can be broken down into manageable parts

54
Q

How is code reused in object oriented code?

A

You kind of make templates and build off of them

55
Q

What must each class in java contain?

A

1 or more methods

56
Q

What does a method contain?

A

Program statements, like what is actually being done.

57
Q

What does a java app always have?

A

The main method

58
Q

What happens to comments in javadoc?

A

They are saved to a separate document

59
Q

What is white space?

A

Extra spaces

60
Q

What do you need to be careful of with java?

A

Letter cases

61
Q

What is an identifier?

A

Words a programmer uses in a program

62
Q

What levels are there of language levels?

A

Machine, assembly, high level, fourth generation

63
Q

What is specific to each CPU?

A

It’s machine language

64
Q

What does assembly level allow for?

A

Some symbolic programming

65
Q

What does high level language require?

A

A compiler to translate high level to assembly level

66
Q

What levels are readable by humans?

A

High level and 4th

67
Q

Where is the fourth level usually used?

A

Commercial sector

68
Q

What is source code?

A

The basic code for a computer language

69
Q

Why does java use byte code?

A

It is not machine specific

70
Q

What is the I remediate step in java code?

A

Translating to byte code

71
Q

What is a syntax rule?

A

What we do to make sure a program is properly executed

72
Q

What is semantics?

A

Defining what a program statement actually means

73
Q

What is a compile time error?

A

Forgetting a brace or anything that has to do with the code

74
Q

What is a run time error?

A

Something that causes code to crash

75
Q

What is a logical error?

A

We messed up the code but everything runs fine, just giving incorrect output

76
Q

How many bits are in a pixel color?

A

8

77
Q

How many bits are there total in a pixel?

A

24

78
Q

How many shades of a color exist?

A

255

79
Q

Where us the origin of a plane in java?

A

The top left

Comp Sci (7 decks)

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