Community Psychology & Consultation

Question 1

Primary preventions

Answer 1

aimed at reducing the prevalence of mental and physical disorders by decreasing the incidence of new cases ; accomplished by making a program or other strategy that promotes mental or physical health available to all members of an identified group or population; ex. immunization programs

Question 2

Secondary prevention

Answer 2

attempts to decrease the prevalence of mental and physical disorders by reducing their duration through early detection and intervention; involve identifying specific individuals and providing those individuals with appropriate treatments; ex. identify 1st graders with reading disabilities and provide intervention

Question 3

Tertiary preventions

Answer 3

designed to reduce the duration and consequence of mental and physical disorders; rehabilitation programs, programs that provide alternatives to hospitalization, and education programs designed to improve community attitudes toward former mental patients are tertiary preventions

Question 4

Techniques of community psychology

Answer 4

Education- reduce the incidence of health problems by increasing preventative activities; improve the care of the ill by educating the public about the nature of their disorders and treatment

Preventative health care

Question 5

Health Belief Model

Answer 5

proposes that health behaviors are influenced by:

1. the person’s readiness to take a particular action
2. the person’s evaluation of the benefits and costs of a particular response
3. the internal and external “cures to action” that trigger the response such as health of friends and family members, advice from others, and mass media campaigns

implication is that health behaviors can be modified by targeting people’s knowledge and or motivation to act

Question 6

Consultation

Answer 6

a process in which a human services professional assists a consultee with a work-related problem with a client system with the goal of helping both the consultee and the client system in some specified way

Question 7

Organizational consultation

Answer 7

adopts a systems approach and defines the entire organization as the client

Question 8

Advocacy consultation

Answer 8

requires a consultant to adopt an explicit value orientation in order to foster the goals of a disenfranchised group

Question 9

Stages of Consultation

Answer 9

• Entry
• Diagnosis
• Implementation
• Disengagement

Question 10

Client-centered case consultation

Answer 10

involves working with the consultee (teacher or therapist) to develop a plan that will enable the consultee to work more effectively with a particular client (student or patient); consultant acts as an expert and provides the consultee with relevant information

Question 11

Consultee-centered case consultation

Answer 11

goal is to enhance the consultee’s performance in delivering services to a particular population or group of clients; focus is on consultee’s skills, knowledge, abilities, and/or objectivity

Question 12

Theme interference

Answer 12

a type of transference that occurs when a past unresolved conflict related to a particular type of client or circumstance is evoked by and interferes with the consultee’s current situation

Question 13

Program-centered administrative consultation

Answer 13

involves working with one or more administrators (the consultees) to resolve problems related to an existing program

Question 14

Consultee-centered administrative consultation

Answer 14

goal is to help administrative-level personnel improve their professional functioning so they can be more effective in the future with regard to program development, implementation, and evaluation

Question 15

Consultation vs. supervision

Answer 15

in supervision, supervisor is usually same profession as supervisee and has administrative responsibility for and is in a position of power over the supervisee