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Community Policing Flashcards

0
Q

Community Policing

The Community Policing philosophy embodies a new organizational strategy that allows police departments to?

A

Decentralize Police

Reorient Police Patrol

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1
Q

Community Policing

Name Two Primary Components of Community Policing?

A

Community Partnerships

Problem Solving

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2
Q

Community Policing

“Ombudsman”

A

The CPO also serves as the communities’ Ombudsman to other public and private agencies that offer help.

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3
Q

Community Policing

Community Policing’s introduction into American policing has been long, complicated process-it is rooted in?

A

Team Policing
Police Community Relations
Crime Prevention

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4
Q

Community Policing

The movement continues to suffer because some police departments claim to have community policing, but they?

A

Violate the spirit or the letter of what true community policing demands

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5
Q

Community Policing

List the Four Major Faucets of Community Policing?

A

Philosophical
Organizational and Personnel
Strategic
Programmatic

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6
Q

Community Policing

What are the Goals of Community Policing that require Police Departments to develop new relationships with citizens?

A
  • Expanding their role in the community
  • Allowing ordinary citizens the power to set the police agenda
  • Involving them in efforts to improve the quality of life in the neighborhood
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7
Q

Community Policing

CP dictates that police departments move from law enforcement or crime fighting as the PRIMARY FUNCTION. The police should have a broader function that also incorporates?

A
  • Fear Reduction
  • Order Maintenance
  • Community Health
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8
Q

Community Policing

For police to have an impact on crime, they must first impact?

A
  • Social conditions

- Public policy

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9
Q

Community Policing

Fear has a far greater debilitating effect on a community or individuals than do crime rates, the fear of crime results in?

A
  • Persons becoming virtual prisoners in their own homes
  • It inhibits commerce
  • It imposes a subtle psychological cost to everyone
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10
Q

Community Policing

Community Policing attempts to get citizens involved by?

A

Encouraging two-way communication

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11
Q

Community Policing

“Concern for People” The Professional Model of policing was institutionalized in the early 1900’s. It dictated that police officers?

A

Remain aloof and detached from citizen-clients they served

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12
Q

Community Policing

In regards to the “Professional Model” administrators believed that police detachment from the citizens they served would lessen the possibility of?

A
  • Police Corruption

- Police Intervention

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13
Q

Community Policing

The Profession Model resulted in?

A

Police departments and police officers having little concern or knowledge about community and neighborhood problems

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14
Q

Community Policing

What is the lifeblood of both Traditional and Community Policing?

A

Information

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15
Q

Community Policing

“Mission Statement”

A

Giving the citizens the power to set the police agenda and developing citizen-based accountability of the police.

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16
Q

Community Policing

“The Strategic Faucet” Community Policing has as least 3 strategic dimensions or parameters… Name them

A

1 ). Geographic Focus & Ownership
2 ). Face to Face Contact
3 ). Prevention Focus

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17
Q

Community Policing

The optimal size of each beat can differ dramatically. The goal is to keep the area small enough to maintain?

A

Direct Contact

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18
Q

Community Policing

The MORE IMPORTANT PURPOSE of freeing the officer from the patrol car is?

A

To involve the officer in the life of the community

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19
Q

Community Policing

The OPTIMAL SITUATION allows CPO’s to?

A

Walk or ride a horse,motor-scooter,or bike around the beat area. These modes of transportation make it easy to stop and chat.

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20
Q

Community Policing

Community Policing dictates that the police be?

A

Proactive rather than Reactive

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21
Q

Community Policing

“The Programmatic Facet” Community Policing is operationalized through?

A
  1. ) Reoriented Police Operations
  2. ) Problem-solving and situational crime prevention
  3. ) Community Engagement
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22
Q

Community Policing

Problem Solving Consists of the following 4 step process…

A
  • Specific ID of the problem
  • Careful analysis of the problem and its attributes
  • ID of possible solutions
  • Implementation of a solution
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23
Q

Community Policing

Situational Crime Prevention is a form of problem solving which comprises “opportunity reduction measures” that:

A
  • Are directed at highly specific forms of crime
  • Involve the management, design, or manipulation of the immediate environment in as systematic and permanent way as possible
  • To increase the effort and risk of crime and reduce the rewards as perceived by a wide range of offenders
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24
Q

Community Policing

This infers that the police must depart from the professional model, and work with citizens and citizen groups?

A

Community Engagement

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25
Q

Community Policing

CP dictates that the community become involved in protecting itself. They can

A
  • Form neighborhood watches or citizen patrols
  • Report criminal or suspicious behavior
  • Become involved in sports or educational activities for disadvantaged youth
  • Volunteer services to police
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26
Q

Community Policing

Police-Community relations units were designed to ___________?

A

“Sell” the police department to citizens

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27
Q

Community Policing

Police-Community relations programs were seen as?

A

Vehicles to educate the public and lessen the strain between the police and citizens

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28
Q

Community Policing

This routinely shows that the majority of calls for service come from a relatively small number of locations; the so called “hot spots”

A

Crime Analysis

29
Q

Community Policing

This fails to recognize that the police behavior and programs influence who will and who will not call the police for assistance. This “location oriented-policing” violates the spirit of Community Policing.

A

Focusing on Hot Spots Alone

30
Q

Community Policing

One of the most common complaints from inner-city residence is?

A

Under-enforcement of the law

31
Q

Community Policing

“Community Policing and Homeland Security” 4 Primary goals for homeland security are?

A
  1. ) Prevent and disrupt terrorist attacks
  2. ) Protect the American People, critical infrastructure, and key resources
  3. ) Respond to and recover from incidents that do occur
  4. ) Continue to strengthen the foundation to ensure LONG-TERM SUCCESS
32
Q

Community Policing

Many factors have set the stage for the birth of CP; They include?

A
  • Police and political reformers ADVANCING their agenda
  • The INFLUX of government funding for community policing
  • The NARROWING of the police mission to crime fighting
33
Q

Community Policing

Elements of a community include

A
  • A PARTICULAR GEOGRAPHIC area or location where a group of people live
  • A LOCATION or node where an interrelated series of economic, political and social interventions occur
  • Is based on social interactions that include a DIVISION of LABOR sense of interdependence
  • Is composed of a group of individuals who have a SHARED CULTURE, interest, outlook, or perspective.
34
Q

Community Policing

Virtual Community consists of?

A

1 ). Email
2 ). Web Portals
3 ). Web Forums
4 ). Microsoft Office Groove

35
Q

Community Policing

“Generation Z”

A

The Most technological savvy of the generations

36
Q

Community Policing

“Community of Interest”

A

Affordable technology, such as the automobile, the telephone, and the internet now allow those with sufficient resources to make bonds based on community of interest without regard for geography or dependency.

37
Q

Community Policing

“Planned Communities”

A

They UPSET the natural balance. What all planned communities share in common is their RAPID APPEARANCE THRUST LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE TOGETHER WHO HAVE NO HISTORY.

38
Q

Community Policing

4 areas that police administrators should consider as a result of differences of public opinion?

A

1 ). Law enforcement TACTICS and STRATEGIES should be tailored
2 ). The police should STRIVE to IMPROVE RELATIONS
3 ). The police should STRIVE to MAINTAIN a PROFESSIONAL DEMENOR
4 ). DEVELOP GOOD RELATIONS WITH THE PRESS

39
Q

Community Policing

“Barriers of Community Policing”

A
  • Excessive Force
  • Police Corruption
  • Rudeness (#1 Lodged Complaint)
  • Authoritarianism
  • Politics
40
Q

Community Policing

What are the Critical Elements of Tactical Planning?

A

1 ). Supervision
2 ). Geographical Focus
3 ). Reorient Police operations and Problem Solving

41
Q

Community Policing

What is “Territorial Imperative”?

A

Where Officers come to know and associate with the area and people they patrol or police.

42
Q

Community Policing

“Step 2” of the “Eight Steps of Implementation” RECOGNIZING A NEED FOR CHANGE is?

A

Realizing that the Department is not meeting expectations does not necessarily mean that administrators will support or introduce improvements or make changes.

43
Q

Community Policing

“STILL TRADITIONAL” Many Police Departments still subscribe to the traditional bureaucratic model of policing. Although they may have implemented some elements of CP, they largely remain entrenched in the traditional model. In order to be a community policing department, it?

A

Must be implemented completely and throughout the department.

44
Q

Community Policing

Traditional police efforts rely primarily on _______________ as the first line of offense and defense.

A

Motor Patrols

45
Q

Community Policing

The rational for having motor patrol officers cruise streets on free patrol is that?

A

Their visible presence in the community should act as a deterrent to crime.

46
Q

Community Policing

The Kansas City Preventative Patrol Experiment study divided the South Patrol Division’s 15 Districts in to three kinds of beats. Name them?

A
  • Reactive Only (Dispatched only when calls for service were made)
  • Control Beats (One car per beat ratio routine patrol)
  • Proactive Beats (Intensity of routine patrol increased by doubling or tripling the normal ratio)
47
Q

Community Policing

“Findings of the Kansas City Preventative Patrol Experiment”

A
  • Rates of crimes reported showed no difference among the beats
  • Fear of crime did not decline
  • Citizens satisfaction with the police did not improve in the experiment areas
  • Experimental conditions showed no effect on police response times or citizens satisfaction with response times
48
Q

Community Policing

Citizen delays in calling the police are attributed to?

A
  • Apathy
  • Skepticism about the police’s ability to do anything
  • Citizens notifying other persons before the police
  • Shame over victimization
  • Trauma following victimization
  • Fear of the Police
49
Q

Community Policing

The rational for relying primarily on motor patrol’s quick response is?

A

Based on the ASSUMPTION that the officers can therefor do a better job of PRESERVING EVIDENCE and LOCATING WITNESSES.

50
Q

Community Policing

“The RAND Study” The single most DETERMINANT of whether or not a case will be solved is?

A

The information the victim supplies to the IMMEDIATE RESPONDING PATROL OFFICER.

51
Q

Community Policing

“The Rand Study” On collecting physical evidence, most police departments?

A

Collect more physical evidence that can be productively processed.

52
Q

Community Policing

“Eck’s Triage” Eck concluded that there were three categories of cases facing police investigators, they are?

A

1 ). Weak cases that CANNOT be solved regardless of investigative effort. (Weak Cases

2 ). Cases with MODERATE levels of evidence that can be solved with considerable investigative efforts (Solvable Cases)

3 ). *Cases with strong evidence that can be solved with minimum effort (Already Solved Cases)

53
Q

Community Policing

“The Dynamics of Serious Crime-Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment” Showed that?

A

ARREST was the MOST EFFECTIVE of the three standard methods police used to reduce domestic violence. (The other two are ADVISING or SENDING the suspect away for at least 8 hours)

54
Q

Community Policing

“Primary Victimization” is

A

When a CRIMINAL ACT is COMMITTED against a victim

55
Q

Community Policing

“Secondary Victimization” is?

A

The TREATMENT of the VICTIM by the Criminal Justice System

56
Q

Community Policing

“The Flint Foot Patrol Experiment” Objectives Include:

A
  • To DECREASE the amount of ACTUAL or PERCEIVED criminal activity
  • To INCREASE citizen’s PERCEPTION of PERSONAL SAFETY
  • To DELIVER to Flint residence a type of law enforcement consistent with COMMUNITY NEEDS and the IDEALS of MODERN POLICE PRACTICE
  • To increase PROTECTION for WOMEN, CHILDREN, and the ELDERLY
57
Q

Community Policing

“The Flint Foot Patrol Experiment” Results

A
  • 70 Percent of the citizens reported feeling safer ESPECIALLY when their foot patrol officer was WELL KNOWN and HIGHLY VISIBLE
  • The Flint Study was one of the FIRST police experiments to include FEAR OF CRIME as a FACTOR
58
Q

Community Policing

Two Types of Fear?

A
  • Personal Fear (Exposure to cues in the environment)

- Altruistic Fear (Relates to concerns regarding safety and well-being for others such as family or friends)

59
Q

Community Policing

Six areas that are indirect costs of fear?

A

1 ). Fear DESTROYS the SENSE OF COMMUNITY that is necessary for a healthy environment

2 ). It results in more PROSPEROUS CITIZENS taking protective actions

3 ). Fear of crime HARDENS our ATTITUDES towards CRIMINALS

4 ). Fear of crime potentially can UNDERMINE citizens FAITH IN THE POLICE AND COURTS ABILITY to deal with crime

5 ). Fear of crime has DETRIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS on people

6 ). People who are victimized by fear of crime CHANGE THEIR LIFE-STYLE and HABITS

60
Q

Community Policing

“The Victimization Model”

A

Fear of Crime through PERSONAL VICTIMIZATION

61
Q

Community Policing

“The Disorder Model”

A

Fear is PRODUCED by the amount of PERCEIVED DISORDER that people ENCOUNTER in their neighborhood

62
Q

Community Policing

“The Community Concern Model”

A

Fear of Crime is RELATED to COMMUNITY DYNAMICS

63
Q

Community Policing

What Crime produced the GREATEST amount of fear?

A

Identity Theft … Followed by Burglary

64
Q

Community Policing

Gender appears to be the ___________________ of fear of crime

A

“Strongest Predictor”

65
Q

Community Policing

What group constitutes the group which is victimized most frequently?

A

“Young Males”

66
Q

Community Policing

“Age and Fear of Crime” Age is only ________ to Gender in predicting one’s level of fear of crime?

A

“Second” (Gender is First in predicting one’s level of fear of crime)

67
Q

Community Policing

According to Bender and Friedrich, what percent reported that bullying took place in school?

A

79%

68
Q

Community Policing

“Reassurance Policing” is?

A

Police actions that go beyond crime and disorder. Police must develop a POSITIVE WORKING RELATIONSHIP with people.

69
Q

Community Policing

“Fear Reduction in Newark, New Jersey (1980)” Three basic sources of fear should be addressed, they are?

A

1 ). The LACK of LOCAL, RELEVANT INFORMATION about crime and ways to prevent it.

2 ). The PRESENCE of SOCIAL DISORDER and PHYSICAL DETERIORATION in neighborhoods.

3 ). The LIMITED QUANTITY and QUALITY of CONTACTS between POLICE officer and the PUBLIC.

Community Policing (1 decks)

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