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Pediatrics > Community Pediatrics > Flashcards

Community Pediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

What is community pediatrics?

A

Practice of promoting and integrating the positive social, cultural and environmental influences on children’s health

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2
Q

What is the role of a clinican in the community?

A

To determine health status & needs of children & adolescents in the community

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3
Q

What is the role of a program manager in the community?

A

Ensuring the health of children & adolescents by planning and mobilizing the community

planner

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4
Q

What are the different systems of care?

A

Population health approach
Patient and family-centered medical home
Medical neighborhood
Health neighborhood

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5
Q

What is the job of health neighborhood?

A

Coordination w/ community-based & non-medical providers to address comprehensively & efficiently the social determinants of health

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6
Q

What are ths ocial determinants of health?

A

Non-medical factors: economic & social conditions
Factors that determine social inequities
Conditions that are experienced in daily lives

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7
Q

What is the main purpose of social determinants of health?

A

Promote health equity globally

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8
Q

What are MIllenium development goals?

A

Goals that promote health equity globally

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9
Q

What are the 8 millenium develpoment goals?

A
  1. Eradicates extreme poverty & hunger
  2. Achieve universal primary education
  3. Promote gender equality and empower women
  4. Reduce child morality
  5. Improve maternal health
  6. Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and other diseases
  7. Ensure environmental sustainability
  8. Global partnershipi for development
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10
Q

What aer the different Sustainable develolopment goals?

A
  1. No poverty
  2. Zero hunger
  3. Good healthy & well-being
  4. Quality education
  5. Gender equality
  6. Clean water & sanitization
  7. Affordable & clean energy
  8. Decent work & economic growth
  9. Industry, innovation and infrastructure
  10. Reduced inequalities
  11. Sustainable cities & communities
  12. Responsible consumption & production
  13. Climate action
  14. Life below water
  15. Life on land
  16. Peace, justice, and strong institutions
  17. Partnerships for the giaks
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11
Q

In the philippines, what are the 3 allocations of sustainable developmental goals?

A

3: good health & well-being

#16 = peace, jsutice, and strong institutions
#5 = gender equality

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12
Q

What is analyses in the Situation ANalysis of Children in the Philippines (2018) by UNICEF?

A

Shed light on progress toward children’s rights across the country and to inform future policy and program interventions for girls & boys

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13
Q

What is the formula for infant mortality ratio?

A

[(Total no of registered deaths under 1 yr of age in a given calendar yr) / (total no of registered live births of same calendary yr)] x 1000

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14
Q

What health indicator measures the risk of dying during the first year of life?

A

Infant mortality rateq

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15
Q

What is the health indicator that measures the risk of dying in the first month of life?

A

Neonatal death rate

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16
Q

What are also assessed and measured through neonatal death rate?

A

Index of effects of prenatal care & obstetrical management of newborns

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17
Q

What is the formula for neonatal death rate?

A

[(No of registered deaths under 28 days of age in a given calendar yr) / (No of registered live births of same calendary yr)] x 1000

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18
Q

What are the top 3 leading causes of infant mortality?

A

Respiratory distress of newborn
Bacterial sepsis of newborn
Pneumonia

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19
Q

What are the leading causes of mortality in 1-4 yrs old?

A

Pneumonia
Remainder diseases of the nervous system
Congenital malformations

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20
Q

What are the leading causes of mortality in 5-9 yrs?

A

Arthropod-borne viral fevers and viral hemorrhagic fevers
Remainder diseases of the nervous system
Accidental drowning and submersion
Pneumonia
Congenital malformations

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21
Q

What are the leading causes of mortality in 10-14 yrs old?

A
  • Remainder diseases of the nervous system
  • other arthropod-borne viral fevers & viral hemorrhagic fevers
  • accidental drowning and submersion
  • pneumonia
    All other external caues
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22
Q

What are the top 4 caues of mortality from immunizable diseases?

A
  1. Measles
  2. Tuberculosis, all forms
  3. Tetanus
    Diphtheria
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23
Q

What is the most significant predictor of childhood stunting?

A

Houehold wealth

24
Q

To achieve herd immunity, what percentage of vaccination coverage for an epidemic-prone disease should be attained?

A

At least 95%

25
Q

What are environmental factors critical in promoting children;s rights?

A
  • legal and policy framework
  • governances and coordinationb
  • budgeting and finance
  • data collection & usage
  • harmful sociocultural norms, practices, and beliefs
26
Q

What is the overall goal of the national immunization program?

A

To reduce the morbidity and mortality among children against the most common vaccine-preventable diseases

27
Q

What is Expanded Garantisadong Pambata?

A

Contributes to the reduction of infant & child morbidity and mortality

Comprehensive and integrated package of services and communication on health, nutrition and environment and children

28
Q

In Expanded Garantisadong Pambata, what are the projects done for ages 0-1 yr?

A

Health = Maternal heath care & essential newborn care immunization

Nutrition = maternal nutrition, iron supplementation, vitamin A, early & exclusive breastfeeding, complementary feeding

Environment (for all ages) = water, sanitation, hygiene promotion, oral health, child injury prevention, treated bedness, smoke-free homes

29
Q

In Expanded Garantisadong Pambata, what are the projects done for ages 1-5 yrs?

A

Health = immunization, deworming, IMCI

Nutrition = breastfeeding, complementary feeding, vitamin A, iron supplementation, iodinized salt at home

30
Q

In Expanded Garantisadong Pambata, what are the projects done for ages 6-10 yr?

A

Health = deworming, booster immunization (screening)

Nutrition = proper nutrition, iron supplementation

31
Q

In Expanded Garantisadong Pambata, what are the projects done for ages 11-14 yr?

A

Health = deworming, booster immunization (screening), physical activity (healthy lifestyles)

Nutrition = proper nutrition, iron supplementaiton, iodized salt at home

32
Q

What is the simplest cost-effective newborn care intervention that can improve neonatal as well as maternal care?

A

Unang yakap

33
Q

What is Reublic Act 9709?

A

Universal newborn hearing screening and intervention act of 2008
—> prevention, early diagnosis and early intervention of hearing loss

34
Q

What is the integrated management of childhood illness program?

A

Reduces mortality & morbidity assoc with major causes of childhood illness

  • preventive and curative elemets implemented by families and communities, and health facilities
35
Q

What are common illnesses treated in Integrated Management of childhood ilness program (IMCI)?

A

Pneumonia
Diarrhea
Measles
Malaria
Dengue
Ear ifections
Newborn infections

Preventive interventions:
Immunization
Vit A supplementation
Iron supplementatiion
Dewroming
Nutritional counseling

36
Q

What new tool is used by health workers to help children by teaching the integrated management of childhood illnesses?

A

IMCI computerized adaptation training tool

37
Q

What is the aim of Infant and Young Child Feeding Program?

A
  • for <2 yrs old

Aim: to provide infant & young children skills and training to be taught to mothers especially in the critical years of their infant and young children

  • increasing prevalence of breastfeeding along with other feeding skills to ensure proper nutrition for their children
38
Q

What is the aim & target of ADolescent health and development program?

A

Target: 10-19 yrs old

Aim: to provide adolescents access to quality healthcare services

39
Q

What program ensures that women & children are provided technical and management support?

A

Women and children protections program
Section 40 of RA 0262

40
Q

What are the 4Rs for WCPU?

A

Recognizing
Recording
Reporting
Referral

41
Q

What are the 4 steps in Unang Yakap?

A
  1. Immediate drying
  2. Skin to skin contact
  3. Proper cord clalmping and cutting
  4. Non-separation of baby from mother & initiation of breastfeeding
42
Q

What DepEd program focuses on the 5 main causes of injury? WHat are these main causes of injury?

A

National CHild injury protection & conrtol

Road traffic injuries
Burns & scalds
Drowning
Falls
Poisoning

43
Q

What are soecific objective of Oplan Kalusugan (OK sa DepED)?

A
  1. To have efficient implementation of school-based health and nutrition programs & services through rational programming
  2. Provide all public school learners with health and nutrition services
  3. Ensure wellness of DepEd personnel through provision of basic medical care for better productivity
  4. Generate info on health & nutrition records of all learners
  5. Maximize opportunities for better & wider coverage of health and nutritional services
44
Q

What is the Republic act 8980 or ECCD Act of 2000?

A

Early childhood care & development

45
Q

What is the purpose Early childhood care & development?

A

Promulgation of a complrehensive policy & national system for early childhood care & devt

46
Q

According to the PH statistical analysis of 2019, this disease was the top leading cause of infant mortality.
A. Pneumonia
B. Congenital heart disease
C. Respiratory distress of the newborn
D. Bacterial sepsis of newborn

A

C = followed by bacterial sepsis of the newborn then pneumonia

47
Q

Which of the millenium devt goals directly addresses the issues that pediatricians face in regard to child’s health?
A. 5
B. 1
C. 3
D. 3

A

C = indicator to reduce child mortality

other ratio:
A= indicator to improve maternal health

48
Q

The integrated management of childhood illnesses (IMCI) includes these interventions EXCEPT”
A. Vit A supplementation
B. Non, all are included
C. Iodine supplementation
D. Nurtition counseling
E. Deworming

A

Answer: C

Preventive interventions:
1. Immunization
2. Vit A supplementation
3. Iron supplementation
4. Deworming
5. Nutritional counseling

49
Q

Which factor greatly increased the scope and coverage of the newborn screening (NBS) program?
A. Enactment of RA 9288 or NSA of 2004
B. Inclusion in the Philhealth newborn package in 2011
C. Availability of the service in 1996
D. Introduction of Expanded newborn screening in 2014

A

Answer: D
From original 6 diseases to 28 screened

50
Q

This/these is/are TRUE of the infant mortality rate
A. Serves as index of effects of prenatal care
B. Measures the risk of dying during 1st yr of life
C. Lower rates paint a bleak picture for child health
D. AOTA

A

Answer: B
Infant mortality rate
- measures the risk of dying during the 1st year of life
- good index of general health condition of the community

51
Q

Among the immunizable diseases, mortality in 2019 was highest for?
A. Tetanus
B. Polio
C. TB
D. Measles

A

Answer: D
Top 4 mortality from immunizable diseases
1. Measles
2. TB, all forms
3. Tetanus
4. Diphtheria

52
Q

You are assigned as the community pediatrician when a 3-day old consults at the health center. She was deliered at a local hospital. Based on your knowledge of exisitng DOH programs, you assume that she:
A. Underwent newborn screening
B. Had her cord clamped immediately
C. Was given BCG and Hep A vax
D. Had all these

A

Answer = A
RA 9288 = newborn screening shall be done 24h from birth up to 3rd day of life to detect genetic & metabolic disorders in newborns

53
Q

Which program on child health includes components of family planning, dangerou drugs abuse prevention & treatment, mental health and women & child protection?
A. Garantisadong pambata
B. Integrated management of childhood illness
C. Women & child protection program
D. Adolescent health & development

A

Answer: D

Targets 10-19yrs old and primarily aims to provide adolescents access to quality healthcare services

54
Q

The millenium devt goal 4 included this/these target/s by?
A. Reduction of infant mortality in children les than 1 & increased proportion of meases immunization among 1 yr olds
B. Eliminate child mortality in children under 5
C. AOTA
D. INC proportion of meases immunization among 1 yr olds
E. Reduction of infant mortality in children less than 1

A

Answer: A

MDG 4 aims to both reduce IMR for children under 5yo and INC global measles vax coverage for children ages 12-23 mons

55
Q

The immunization program of DOH aims to prevent these vaccine preventable diseases except:
A. Pumonary TB
B. Poliomyelitis
C. Rotavirus
D. Tetanus

A

Answer: A
- prevent EXTRApulmonary TB among children
- sustain polio-free status of PH
- eliminated measles, infecctions, materna/neonatal tetanus
- control diphtheria, pertussis, hepa B, and German measles
- immunize all children against the m ost common vax-preventable diseases

Pediatrics (5 decks)

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