Community Nursing Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Primary prevention

A

Promotes health through an upstream approach using the identification of potential risk factors and the mobilization of policy and public awareness to avoid injury or illness. Involves health promotion activities and protective actions against disease or injury that has not yet occurred in the population.

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2
Q

Secondary prevention

A

Promotes health through the early identification of diseases and conditions and timely treatment of them. Focus is to halt an illness if possible and perhaps effect a cure or slow the progression of a disease through therapeutic treatments and medications

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3
Q

Tertiary prevention

A

Initiated once an individual becomes symptomatic, or disease or injury is evident. Focus is on maintaining or restoring function and preventing further disability from the disease or injury. Rehabilitate or restore the affected person to the maximum possible capability, maximize their quality of life, and meet their self identified goals

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4
Q

Upstream approaches

A

Prevention and promtion strategies focused on policy interventions that benefit the whole population
Extend beyond addressing individual behaviours and identify programs, policies and environmental changes that will impact the health of a population

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5
Q

5 principles of Primary Health Care

A
Accessibility,
Public participation,
Health promotion, 
Appropriate technology,
Intersectoral collaboration or cooperation
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6
Q

Eight components of Primary Health Care by WHO

A
  1. Education about health problems and prevention techniques
  2. Promotion of food supply and proper nutrition
  3. Adequate supply of safe water and basic sanitation
  4. Maternal and child healthcare, including family planning
  5. Immunization against major infectious diseases
  6. Prevention and control of locally endemic diseases
  7. Appropriate treatment of common diseases and injuries using the PHC principle of appropriate technology
  8. Provision of essential drugs
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7
Q

Primary Health Care 2 underlying values

A

Social justice and equity

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8
Q

Canada Health Act

A

Has ensured that Canadians have access to health care regardless of their ability to pay or where they live

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9
Q

The Ottawa Charter essential concepts

A

Prerequisites for health
Strategies for promoting health
Peace, education, shelter, income, and food
Carin, holism, and ecology

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10
Q

Where do community health nurses work

A

Homes, schools, workplaces, streets, shelters, churches, community health centres, outpost nursing stations

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11
Q

Public health informatics

A

the systematic application of information and computer sciences and technology to public health practice, research and learning

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12
Q

8 principles of HON (Health on the Net Foundation)

A
Authority
Complementarity
Privacy
Attribution 
Justifiability 
Transparency 
Financial disclosure 
Honesty in advertising and editorial policy
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13
Q

Metaparadigm

A

The global concepts essential to the practice of community health nursing

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14
Q

Philosphy

A

An abstract statement about what is believed to be true in terms of the development of knowledge and what is valued in terms of practice

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15
Q

Epidemiology

A

Study of the occurrence and distribution of health related states or events in populations, including the study of influencing determinants, and the application of this knowledge to control health problems

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16
Q

Public health nursing discipline specific competencies

A
  1. Knowledge derived from public health and nursing science
  2. Skills related to assessment and analysis
  3. Conducting policy and program planning, implementation and evaluation
  4. Achieving partnerships, collaboration and advocacy
  5. Promoting diversity and inclusiveness
  6. Effective communication exchange
  7. Leadership capabilities and
  8. Professional responsibility and accountability
17
Q

Ottawa Charter Health Promotion Strategies

A
  • Building healthy public policy
  • Create supportive environments
  • Strengthen community actions
  • Develop personal skills
  • Reorient health services
  • Moving into the future
18
Q

Social Determinants of Health as defined by WHO

A

The circumstances in which people are born, grow up, live, work and age and the systems put in place to deal with illness

19
Q

Social Determinants of Health

A
Income and social status
Social support networks
Education and literacy 
Employment/working conditions
Social environments
Physical environments
Personal health practices and coping skills
Healthy child development 
Biology and genetic endowment 
Health services
20
Q

Canadian Community Health Nurse and Nursing Practice Model 5 standards

A
Code of ethics 
Theoretical foundation 
Values and principles 
Professional regulatory standards 
Community health nursing standards and discipline specific competencies
21
Q

Six essential functions of public health

A
Health protection 
Health surveillance
Population health assessment
Disease and injury prevention
Health promotion
Emergency preparation and response