community health Flashcards
Early Head Start program age range
birth to 3 yrs
groups who should get the meningococcal vaccine
new military recruits, client with SLE, dormitory setting
prevalence proportion
how many people are affected by something at a given time
crib slats
must be
pacifier during naps
attached to clothing, not hung around neck
roles with surveillance
occupational health nurse(not home health nurse)
most infectious period of pertussis
coughing stage
those exposed to pertussis
should be treated prophylactically with erythromycin for 7 days(family members, teachers);check immunization status of classmates
water heater setting
should be no higher than 120 degree
diet for lead exposure
extra iron &calcium(more milk &red meat)
cleaning wood floors in houses with lead
wet mop(vacuuming aerosolizes particles)
levels of prevention for client with flu
primary prevention: ed class about flu
secondary: notify contact of the client about their exposure, isolate client from pregnant women
tertiary: give antiviral to reduce complications
incidence rate
of newly diagnosed over a period of time
preventing transmission of intestinal parasites
wipe diaper changing stations with dilute bleach solution
non-potty trained toddlers&swimming
they should not swim in a wading pool
ethical tenet for policy development
serve citizens, not customers; meet the needs of the greatest# of citizens first
postpartum blues
common 1st week to 10 days postpartum
examples of assurance
collaborating with community agencies to improve services; ensuring competence of healthcare workforce
grade level of written material for health education
8th grade or lower
diabetic shoes
should extend 1/2 to 5/8 past longest toe
purpose of HIPPA enactment
to keep people from losing insurance when they changed jobs/lost jobs; can keep group insurance 16 afterwards
T3 levels
80-220 ng/mL
age-related health changes
decreased sensitivity to pain, decreased peristalsis/delayed gastric emptying
clinical manifestation of primary syphilis
chancre
signs of secondary syphilis
maculopapular rash lymphadenopathy, malaise
establish the community as client
form partnerships with local agencies
chance of prostate cancer death
twice as high for African American men than for white men
3 methods of collecting data directly for a community
1-infromant interviews
2-participant observation
3-windshield survey
methods of transmission of HPV
oral, sexual
focus of community oriented nursing
health promotion and protection through education
community based nursing
illness care where the patients live, work and attend school
juice for preschoolers
4-6oz per day is OK
deontology
ethical theory based on the idea that actions must be based on moral rules or duty regardless of the consequences
principlism
dominant theory of ethical decision making; comprised of respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, distributive justice
CIRCLE
CIRCLE model of spiritual care
functions of parish nurse
holistic care of populations personal health counseling health ed liason facilitate support groups change train volunteers id spiritual strengths of coping
home health nurse functions
educator, coordinator of care provider of interventions
occupational environmental factors
social(sanitation, housing conditions overcrowding, illiteracy);physical(heat, odor, ventilation, pollution); psychological(addictions, stress)
occupational health control strategies
engineering altering work practices PPE, injury avoidance ed workplace monitoring health screening EAP job task analysis design, risk mgmt., emergency preparedness
school nurse roles
case manager community outreach consultant counselor direct caregiver health educator research
hospice services
includes family members and bereavement services(up to 1yr after death)
for
occupational health host factors
worker characteristics(experience levels, pregnancy, age, etc
occupational health agent factors
biological, chemical(asbestos, smoke) mechanical(strains/sprains,/fractures, heavy workload, ergonomics) physical( temp extreme, vibration, noise, radiation, lighting) psychological (threats to psych wellbeing)
primary prevention in school nursing
asses immunization status, maintain current records, health promotion for staff
secondary prevention for school nursing
assess children for abuse, neglect, mental illness; provide emergency/acute care; ID children at risk
tertiary prevention for school nursing
assess children with disabilities; assess children with long term health needs; help develop IEPS; provide care for children with chronic disease(written consent by parents is required)
appropriate nurse; student ratio
1:750
screenings at birth
hemoglobinapathy, phenylalanine levels, T4, TSH
cholesterol screening ages
45-64
age of fecal occult blood test/sigmoidoscopy
50+yrs
ecomaps
ID family support network, social risk, interactions with other groups/org
school med admin policy
required by state and federal laws
homicide committed by stranger
often related to substance abuse network
most homicides
committed by friend, acquaintance, family member during an argument; if fam, often preceded by abuse
assault
males more likely to be assaulted; youths at much higher risk
cardinal signs of addiction
tolerance & withdrawal; denial is a primary sign
alcohol filtration rate by liver
1 oz per hour
alcohol withdrawal begins..
6hrs after cessation of drinking
alcohol withdrawal
increased BP& pulse; pulse is clearest indicator of possible DT’s or withdrawal delirium; prompt use of benzodiazepines at onset of symptoms can prevent DTs
most preventable cause of death
smoking
