Communication Behaviors Flashcards
What is communication?
A two-way process involving sending and receiving messages
Verbal and nonverbal cues play a significant role
Do our behaviors determine the success, or failure, of a communication repair strategy?
Yes
Different types:
Assertive
Non-assertive
Aggressive
Passive aggressive
What is assertive communication?
Know your priorities
Be simple, honest, and direct
Fake it till you make it
Be an eagle, not a turtle (stand tall and maintain eye contact)
Use “I” statements
Does successful communication require assertiveness and negotiation?
Yes
Assertiveness - telling people your needs or ideas clearly and directly; means not being afraid, or shy, when explaining what you need
Negotiation - talking to others in a way that recognizes their needs and allows both people to get more of what they want
Does negotiation require the ability to step back?
Yes
To reflect on all perspectives while attempting to understand the full perspective
What are the rules of negotiation?
Know what you want and why
Plan what you will say
Be open & truthful as you discuss the issue
Be willing to listen to another perspective
Consider options that support each person’s needs
Prepare to compromise as you develop a solution that supports needs
What are some beliefs of non-assertive behavior styles?
My needs are less important than others
I don’t have as many rights as others
My contributions are not valuable
What are some non-assertive behaviors?
Bluffs; pretends to understand
Smiles; nods
Puts themselves down; apologizes
Hides disagreement
Plays a lesser role in advancing conversation
Passive Communicators isolate themselves by avoiding situations in which they fear they will not be able to communicate well, withdraw from conversations, they may have difficulty saying no
This PHL has a difficult time identifying their communication needs
As a patient, they need to learn concrete steps for improvement followed by A LOT of practice to regain control and confidence
*Need a lot of hand holding, need you to walk through the steps of success with them
What are some things associated with this maladaptive repair strategy? (non-assertive)
Do not stand up for what is best for you
Do not let other people know what you need or want
Let other people decide what is best for you
What emotions drive a non-assertive response?
Fear of rejection or conflict
People-please; desires to cooperate at all cost
Lacks self-confidence
Anxiety over possible misunderstanding
Futility or fatigue
Depression
What is the cost of a non-assertive behavior style?
Increased anxiety that they’ll be caught
Judged by inappropriate responses (embarrassment, appears foolish, concerns of dementia)
Dependence due to increased reliance on CP
Feelings of helplessness or inadequacy
What are some beliefs related to aggressive behavior styles?
My needs are more important and justified than others
I have more rights than others
My contributions are more valuable than others
How do aggressive personalities act during conversations?
Dominates conversation
Blames others for communication breakdowns
Ignoring people
Outbursts of discontent
What do people do do when they are relying on their aggressive behavior?
Don’t listen to or respect other people’s feelings or ideas
Want to win at any cost
Put down other people
Are pushy
What emotions drive an aggressive behavior style?
Anger
Frustration
Violation of rights
Past embarrassment
Insecurity
Hurt feelings
Fear
What are the costs resulting from an aggressive behavior style?
Perceived by others as trampling on their needs
CPs feel hurt or humiliated
Viewed as a bully or loudmouth
Alienates friends/ family
Rarely solves long term communication problems b/c emotions cloud solutions
What are the beliefs of a passive-aggressive behavior style?
I believe my needs come first, but I can’t express that
I am not responsible for my actions
I am entitled to get my own way, even though I didn’t express that need
How do passive-aggressive personalities act during conversations?
Using sarcasm
Withholds responses until needs are met
Indirectly expresses anger and frustration
Avoids discussion but then looks for ways to show their disagreement
Talks about one person behind their back
Exhibits stubbornness, sullenness, procrastination
What is the goal of the passive-aggressive personality?
To get my way without taking responsibility
To get my way without having to assert myself
Avoids conflict (but can’t let go of it)
What is the impact of a passive-aggressive personality?
Can lead to misunderstandings and conflict
May damage relationships
Hinders effective communication and self-advocacy
What does maladaptive mean?
Not providing adequate or appropriate adjustment to the environment or situation
Non-assertive behaviors are referred to as maladaptive repair strategies
Do repetitive maladaptive behaviors lead to unhealthy biologic responses?
Yes
A physiologic change that results from negative emotions
What are biologic reactions that are associated with maladaptive responses?
Depression, withdrawal
Gastrointestinal disorders
Muscle tension, migraine
Self-harm, addiction
High blood pressure
Difficulty focusing
Anger management
How can you teach this in a group AR?
Finding a communication behavior that is just right
PHLs discuss what assertiveness looks like and what stops them from communicating in this manner
PHLs and CPs discuss the physical and psychological consequences associated with non-assertive behaviors
PHLs and CPs try to problem-solve how to overcome the barriers that stop the use of assertiveness and practice the activity
What are some things to consider about communication behaviors?
Those with normal hearing don’t know how to help. They may be grateful for guidance
We are judged by our communication abilities
Successful communication relies on your ability to instruct people in a way that helps them to want to change their speaking method
Being non-assertive results in misunderstandings and missed opportunities
Missed opportunities result in feelings of isolation, sadness and inadequacy
The style of communication you use affects the emotional response of the CP
When are you assertive?
When you stand up for what’s best for you (not afraid to disclose your HL to advocate for your needs)
You accept your functional and activity limitations
Make sure people understand what you need
Openly and honestly express your ideas and feelings
Respect other people’s rights and ideas
Listen to other people
What are some benefits to being assertive?
Being assertive makes you feel good afterwards
You feel honest, respected, and proud
Others see your assertive communications as mature (you’re a person who can make decisions) and independent
Being assertive improves communication w/o long-term consequences
Should there be an addition to the instructional strategy recipe?
Yes
Courtesy should be at the beginning
