Communication at the synapse 2 Flashcards
What type of neurotransmitters are biogenic amines
Small molecule neurotransmitters
What are two unconventional neurotransmitters
Endocannibinoids and nitric oxide
Where is serotonin produced
Pons and the upper brain stem
What does serotonin regulate
Mood, appetite, sleep, memory and cognition
What is anhedonia
An inability to experience pleasure
What was the monoamine hypothesis
That agonists of monoamines are effective antidepressants
What are four classes of antidepressants
Monamine oxidase inhibitors
Tricyclic antidepressants
SSRIs
SNRIs
What do SSRIs do
Block the channels that allow serotonin to be removed from the cleft
What did Beck identify
That negative automatic thoughts could be the cause of depression farther than an effect
What were SSRIs found to do in becks study
Enhance positive facial recognition
What does becks findings explain
The delay between treatment an effect (physiological vs cognitive)
What type of processing is SSRIs
Bottom up
What are the four pathways of dopamine in the brain
• Nigrostriatal (substantia nigra to striatum, involved in basil ganglia loop and movement)
• Tuberoinfundibular (hypothalamus to the pituitary gland, influences the release of hormones to the blood)
• Mesocortical (ventral tegmentum to the frontal lobes, motivation and emotional response (schizophrenia))
• Mesolimbic (ventral tegmentum to the lambic system, reward and desire (addiction and depression))
What are positive symptoms of schizophrenia
Abnormal experiences (hallucinations)
What are negative symptoms f schizophrenia
Absence of normal experiences (social withdrawal)
