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GCSE Edexcel Computer Science 9-1 > Communication and the Internet > Flashcards

Communication and the Internet Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a computer network?

A

A computer network is a group of connected systems and other devices linked together so that they can communicate and share resources such as printers.

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2
Q

How small can networks be?

A

They can be as small as two computers and a printer in a home network.

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3
Q

What does LAN stand for?

A

LAN stands for Local Area Network.

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4
Q

How does LAN work?

A

It is a network in a small geographical area, that is usually managed by a local manager or a team at the site.

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5
Q

What does WAN stand for?

A

WAN stands for Wide Area Network.

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6
Q

How does WAN work?

A

They connect separate LANs over a large geographical area to form a network of networks.

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7
Q

Why do large companies share LAN?

A

In order to share resources and data.

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8
Q

What can computers in a WAN do?

A

They can communicate with computers and users in other locations.

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9
Q

How are WANs managed?

A

It is managed by several different people or parts of an organisation working together (collective ownership).

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10
Q

What is the meaning of bits per second?

A

The speed that data can be transmitted through a communications medium.

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11
Q

What is the file server in a client-server network?

A

Computers which control access and manage the network.

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12
Q

What is the client workstation in a client server network?

A

Computers which allow users to run applications and to access the server and also network resources, such as printers.

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13
Q

What is the difference between client-server networks and peer-to-peer networks?

A

Client-server networks have two types of computer whereas peer-to-peer networks have only one type of computer.

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14
Q

Is there a server in a peer-to-peer network?

A

There is no server to manage the network, all the computers are connected together equally.

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15
Q

How do the computers work in a peer-to-peer network?

A

They are all equal and can communicate with each other directly without having to go through a server.

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16
Q

How do clients connect to servers in a client-server network?

A

They use their network addresses to access their services, programs and data stored on them.

17
Q

What do the servers do once the client has attempted to connect to it in a client-server network?

A

The servers obtain the address of the client and send the requested data and services.

18
Q

How are servers responsible for network security in a client-server network?

A

They allocate login names and passwords to users.

19
Q

Where are the files held in a client-server network?

A

All files are held on the servers and can be backed up centrally.

20
Q

In a peer-to-peer network, what can each client act as?

A

They can act as a server, other clients can share programs, data and printers.

21
Q

How is security distributed in a peer-to-peer network?

A

Each user can grant rights to others and allocate passwords.

22
Q

Where is data stored in a peer-to-peer network?

A

It is stored on each client and not centrally.

23
Q

What is each user responsible for in a peer-to-peer network?

A

They are responsible for backing up each client.

24
Q

How are devices physically connected?

A

Using either copper wire or fibre-optic cable.

25
Q

How does copper wire transmit data?

A

Data is transmitted as electric signals.

26
Q

How does fibre optic cable transmit data?

A

Data is transmitted as pulses of light.

27
Q

What is an advantage of copper wire?

A

It is cheaper than fibre optic.

28
Q

What is an advantage of fibre optic cable?

A

Transmits signals at faster speeds over greater distances than copper wire.

29
Q

What do wireless networks use to communicate?

A

They use radio waves.

30
Q

What are the most commonly used frequencies for data transmission in wireless networks?

A

2.4 GHz and 5 GHz.

31
Q

How many cycles per second is 1 GHz equal to?

A

1 GHz = 10^9 cycles per second.

32
Q

What is bandwidth?

A

Bandwidth is the amount of data that can be transmitted per second.

33
Q

What is bandwidth measured in?

A

It is measured in bits per second.

34
Q

What are the bandwidths of the wired and wireless networks?

A

Copper cable - 1 Gbps
Fibre-optic - 10 Gbps
Wireless - 600 Mbps

35
Q

What are protocols?

A

Protocols are the rules that computers must be follow when communicating over a network.

36
Q

What is the difference in installation between cable and wireless?

A

Cable - difficult as cables must run throughout the site

Wireless - easy - just need WAPs

37
Q

What is the difference in cost between cable and wireless?

A

Cable - expensive as the cost of cables and installation

Wireless - cheap - only cost is WAPs

GCSE Edexcel Computer Science 9-1 (5 decks)

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