Communication

Question 1

Bit

Answer 1

The smallest unit of data in a computer

Question 2

Bit rate

Answer 2

The rate at which data is transferred

Question 3

Serial transmission

Answer 3

Uses a single wire to transfer data

Question 4

Parallel transmission

Answer 4

Uses multiple wires to transfer data

Question 5

Interference

Answer 5

Disturbances that corrupt data; occurs when transmitting data

Question 6

Skew

Answer 6

When different buses/lines in parallel transmission arrive at different times

Question 7

Crosstalk

Answer 7

When different buses/lines in parallel transmission interact with each other, creating unwanted data changes

Question 8

Simplex transmission

Answer 8

Sending data in only one direction (radio/TV)

Question 9

Duplex transmission

Answer 9

Sending data in both directions at the same time (phone)

Question 10

Half-duplex transmission

Answer 10

Sending data in both directions but only one at a time (walkie-talkie)

Question 11

Checksum

Answer 11

Error detection method. The number of bits being transmitted is counted up and the numeric count is transmitted with the data. If the counts match then the receiver knows that the right number of data has been transmitted, but individual errors are not detectable

Question 12

Parity check

Answer 12

Error detection method. A parity bit at the end of a byte is used to make the bits add up to an odd or even result, depending on the type of parity used (odd or even). The sender and the receiver agree on which type of parity is to be used, and if the parity bits match on both ends then the receiver knows that the bits add up to the same type of number

Question 13

Check digit

Answer 13

Error detection method. All of the numbers are added up and the result is added at the end. If the numbers match on both ends then the receiver knows that the number is correct

Question 14

Automatic repeat request

Answer 14

When the receiver detects an error, it sends a request to the sender to resend the packet. It will keep requesting new packets until a correct packet is received or the limit of requests is reached

Question 15

WAN

Answer 15

Wide area network

Question 16

ISP

Answer 16

Internet service provider. It is a company that provides us with access to the internet, for a fee

Question 17

Browser

Answer 17

A program that allows a user to visit, retrieve, and display the information that a website contains.

Question 18

HTML

Answer 18

The language that websites are written in. It consists of the content, and the instructions on how to interpret said content.

Question 19

URL

Answer 19

Uniform resource locator. It is made up of the access protocol (HTTP/HTTPS) and the domain name (e.g. google.com)

Question 20

Cookie

Answer 20

Tiny pieces of data that are downloaded by a computer when visiting a website. It is used to keep track of things, and the website accesses the cookies stored on the computer whenever the client visits it

Question 21

Internet protocol

Answer 21

Governs transmission of data via the internet. HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol) or HTTPS (hypertext transfer protocol over secure) is used

Question 22

IP address

Answer 22

Internet protocol address. 32 bit code, broken down into four groups of 3 digits. Is an address just like a house address - it is used to identify different devices connected to the internet. Can be static (doesn’t change) or dynamic (held for a certain period of time)

Question 23

MAC address

Answer 23

Media access control address. 48 bit code, broken down into 6 pairs of two-digit hexadecimal numbers. Unique to each device, is given by the manufacturer and cannot be changed