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health and social : unit 1 > Communication > Flashcards

Communication Flashcards

1
Q

define communication

A

the exchanging of information by speaking, writing or using some other medium

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2
Q

define verbal communication

A

the process of using spoken words to express ideas, thoughts and feelings to others

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3
Q

define non-verbal communication

A

how people share information without speaking

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4
Q

define pitch

A

the relative highness or lowness of a tone

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5
Q

define tone

A

a potent tool in expressing sentiments, emotions, disposition and objectives

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6
Q

define body language

A

the science of nonverbal signs such as gestures, facial expressions and eye gaze that communicate a person’s emotions and intentions

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7
Q

give the 6 types of nonverbal communication

A

touch/ contact
gestures
proximity
posture
facial expressions
active/ reflective listening

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8
Q

define effective questioning

A

using questions to open conversations, inspire deep intellectual thought and promote 1:1 or group interaction

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9
Q

define active listening

A

listening attentively to a speaker, understanding what they’re saying, responding , reflecting and retaining the information for later

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10
Q

define dialect

A

different forms of language/speech to do with different groups of people

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11
Q

define jargon

A

a specialized language that is used by people with a particular, professional, social or cultural group

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12
Q

define accent

A

the way in which people from different areas, countries, or social class pronounce words

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13
Q

define pace, tone and pitch

A

vocal techniques that refer to the speed, emotion and quality of your voice

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14
Q

define non-discriminatory language

A

language that is fair and unbiased about a group or type of person

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15
Q

define argyle’s theory of communication cycle

A

the theory that communication involves a continuous cycle of sending and receiving messages between 2 or more individuals.

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16
Q

what does argyle’s theory emphasize the importance of?

A

feedback and how communication is a 2-way process

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17
Q

name argyle’s 6 key stages

A

ideas occur
encoding
transmission
decoding
understanding
feedback

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18
Q

explain argyle’s 1st key stage of his theory

A

ideas occur
- the 1st stage involves the generation of ideas/ thoughts by the sender. these ideas form the basis of the message that will be communicated

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19
Q

explain argyle’s 2nd key stage of his theory

A

encoding
- where the sender converts their thoughts into a verbal or non-verbal message. this could involve choosing the right body language, tone, gestures or words to express the intended meaning

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20
Q

explain argyle’s 3rd key stage of his theory

A

transmission
- where the encoded message is transmitted or delivered to the receiver through a chosen channel such as:
face to face conversation
phone call
email
or text message

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21
Q

explain argyle’s 4th key stage of his theory

A

decoding
- where upon receiving the message, the receiver interprets and decodes the information. this involves
understanding the words
analysing the non-verbal cues
extracting the meaning intended by the sender

22
Q

explain argyle’s 5th key stage of his theory

A

understanding
- where the receiver’s successful decoding of the message leads to understanding. this stage is crucial as it ensures the meaning of the message is accurately comprehended.

23
Q

explain argyle’s 6th key stage of his theory

A

feedback
- completes the communication cycle
- where the receiver responds to the sender, providing their own message as ‘feedback’, which allows the sender to gauge the effectiveness of their communication and make necessary adjustments if required

24
Q

give argyle’s 6 key principles for facilitating effective communication

A

`1) non-verbal communication
2) listening skills
3) clarity and simplicity
4) empathy
5) context and cultural awareness
6) adaptability

25
Q

define SOLER

A

a method of actively listening to people

26
Q

give what SOLER is an acronym for and explain each one

A

S: sitting squarely: sitting and facing the person you are talking to, sitting attentively at an angle to the person

O: open posture: not crossing your arms as it can appear as anxious or defensive

L: lean forwards to show we are interested in what the person is talking about
E: eye contact: maintaining eye contact in showing we are interested and listening to what the person has to say
R: relaxed body language: shows the person how you’re not in a rush to get away

27
Q

give 4 types of communication problems

A

stammer
cleft plate
brain injury
hearing problem

28
Q

give the 6 alternative communication types

A

communication aids
makaton
sign language
bsl
sse
tactile signing

29
Q

why might someone have problems communicating?

A

physical health issue: like a hearing or eyesight problem
developmental disorder: like alzheimers or a stroke

30
Q

define deafblind

A

where people have a sight and hearing impairment

31
Q

which charity supports those who are deafblind?

A

sense

32
Q

define language disorders

A

problems of understanding or using words which can be triggered by a stroke or brain injury

33
Q

define selective mutism

A

aka phobia of talking

an anxiety disorder that stops children from speaking in certain social situations such as in school or public

the children can be able to speak freely amongst friends and family

34
Q

how can someone with communication problems after a stroke regain their speech and communication skills?

A

by being referred to a speech and language therapist

35
Q

what charity supports those with stroke-related illnesses and disabilities?

A

the stroke association

36
Q

what is aac devices short for?

A

augmentative and alternative communication devices

37
Q

define aac devices

A

a device that has been designed to help someone communicate

38
Q

define sign language

A

a way of communicating visually using:
hand gestures
facial expressions
and body language

39
Q

define BSL

A

using hand gestures, finger spelling, lip patterns and facial expressions to communicate

40
Q

define sse

A

sign supported english

doesn’t require any knowledge of bsl grammar structure

it is a BSL variation, where the structure and grammar are based on spoken english, meaning signs follow in the exact order that they would be spoken

41
Q

define tactile signing

A

where words are spelt out on the back of an individual’s hand
a communication method normally used for those who are deafblind

use the deafblind manual alphabet and block

42
Q

define makaton

A

a communication method which uses a combination of picture symbols and hand gestures that are similar to BSL and speech

43
Q

define unaided communication and give examples

A

communication that only uses the body
like:
- gestures
- body language
- facial expressions
- signing

44
Q

define aided communication and give examples

A

communication that uses tools, objects or devices
like:
- pictures
- symbols
- communication boards and books
- aac devices

45
Q

give the 2 types of communication aids

A

electronic aac devices
paper-based aac devices

46
Q

give the 4 examples of aac communication aids

A

VOCAS
PECS
Communication books
E-tran frames

47
Q

define VOCAs

A

voice output communication aids

devices that allow non-speaking people to communicate with speech

some VOCA are synthesised or use a real voice

48
Q

how do VOCAs work?

A

they are devices which look like an iPad, where the user clicks on letters or pictures either on buttons or touchscreen and the VOCA voices what they’ve clicked

49
Q

define PECS

A

picture exchange communication system
a way of communicating using simple pictures

50
Q

define communication books

A

a special book or ring binder that has symbols and pictures inside it

51
Q

define E-tran frames

A

plastic sheets that have pictures/ symbols stuck onto them

health and social : unit 1 (5 decks)

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