Communication

Question 1

Internet, cable television, telephone network, Business Ethernet network

Answer 1

Wired

Question 2

what is a computer network?

Answer 2

A computer network is two or more computing devices connected together in order to share resources or communicate

Question 3

LoRa loT sensor network, mobile phone network, satnav network, bluetooth

Answer 3

Wireless

Question 4

Switch

Answer 4

Enables multiple wired devices to connect, and uses packet switching to direct data to the correct device

Question 5

Router​

Answer 5

Responsible for moving data from one network to another, e.g. from your home network to the internet

Question 6

Network interface card (NIC)

Answer 6

Enables a wired network connection between a computer and another networked device

Question 7

Wireless access point (WAP)

Answer 7

Connects to a wired network and provides wireless network radio signal for wireless devices to connect to

Question 8

Why do we need to have standardisation in computing?​

Answer 8

Standardisation allows interoperability between systems.​

Question 9

DHCP​ - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol​

Answer 9

Used to assign IP addresses to clients on a network​

Question 10

DNS - Domain Name System​

Answer 10

Used to translate human-friendly domain names to IP addresses​

Used to keep track of all of the mappings of IP addresses to domain names across the internet.

Question 11

HTTP​ - Hypertext Transfer Protocol​

Answer 11

Used to transfer web pages between web servers and web browsers across the internet​

Responsible for retrieving information from remote servers across the World Wide Web. Primarily used to access web pages.

Question 12

HTTPS​ - Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure​

Answer 12

Same as HTTP, but the data is encrypted so that it remains private​

Encapsulates all of the requested information in an encrypted data stream so it is secure

Question 13

FTP – File Transfer Protocol​

Answer 13

a method of transferring and sharing files across the internet. Often used by web developers to upload their web pages from their computer to the web server.​

Used for transferring and sharing files across the internet.

Question 14

SMTP – Simple Mail Transfer Protocol​

Answer 14

used when an email client application wants to send an email

Used when an email client application wants to send an email to an email server.

Question 15

POP – Post Office Protocol​

Answer 15

responsible for the retrieval of emails by an email client from the email server to the local client application.

Question 16

IMAP – Internet Message Access Protocol​

Answer 16

responsible for the retrieval of emails from email servers by email client applications.​ Normally leaves the email on the email server.

Question 17

a network protocol is…

Answer 17

a set of rules that
Determine how information is transmitted between two clients​
Set out what order the exchange should happen in​
Determine what clients should do if they encounter an error​

Question 18

Network speed/capacity​

Answer 18

Measured in bits per second — bps​

1 gigabit per second or 1073741824 bps​

Question 19

What is happening at the most basic level when computers send information from one to another across a copper wire?​

Answer 19

Wired — electrical signals​

Fibre-optic — light signals​

Wireless — radio signals​

Question 20

Circuit switching-Pros?

Answer 20

More reliable — dedicated connection​

Less chance of congestion

Question 21

Circuit switching-Cons?

Answer 21

Possible wasted bandwidth​

Expensive — more connections needed

Question 22

Packet switching-Pros?

Answer 22

Bandwidth used efficiently​

Packets can be redelivered​

Packets can take different routes around congestion

Question 23

Packet switching-Cons?

Answer 23

Data can take longer to be received​

Packets can be lost​

Less secure — packets must contain source and destination addresses​

Question 24

Link Layer stuff

Answer 24

Electrical signalling​

Flow control​

Error detection​

Network addressing — MAC addresses​

Transmitting datagrams between internet layers​

Question 25

Internet layer stuff

Answer 25

IP header​

IP data​

Sending and receiving IP addresses​

Host-to-host routing and addressing​

Question 26

Transport layer stuff

Answer 26

Protocol header and data​

Host-to-host communication​

UDP — connectionless​

TCP — connection-​
oriented​

Question 27

Application layer stuff

Answer 27

Data we want to transmit​

Application protocol — DNS, HTTP, etc.​

Prepares application protocols to move to transport layer​

Question 28

What are the four layers?

Answer 28

Link, Application, Transfer, Internet