Communicating Science Flashcards
What are some points about climate models and climate information?
complexity means little and decreasing use; climate information chosen for its accuracy, timeliness, credibility, salience
What does the climategate scientist want to see the climate science community doing more?
Stepping in to the public sphere and publicly supporting the information that colleagues produce
What did Whitmarsh (2009) talk about?
GW evokes more change than CC; public lacks basic knowledge and salience; they learn about CC through personal concerns, experiences etc.
Which paper states that Americans see climate change as a spatially and temporally distant risk?
Leiserowitz (2005)
What do Lorenzoni & Pidgeon (2006) say?
Climate change 2nd priority to everyday factors, public believes the government should take greater responsibility before they as individuals do, and they should support local level action
How does US political association affect public standpoint on climate change?
Agreed firmly with the party’s opinion
What major economic event had an impact upon how people expressed concern over climate change?
Financial crisis
What are the two biggest influences on climate change concern?
Elite cues and structural economic factors
What is the risk society?
modernity > negative ecological consequences and uncertainties (overriding all socioeconomic layers) > second modernity > greater focus on management > changes to work patterns, nation state, economic basis and more.
What is the name of the process that summarises the risk society?
reflexive modernisation
What plays a crucial role in the risk society? why?
media - because they are important in how knowledge is supplied to the collective society
What paper talks about media motivations and how climate information/sceptics are involved in the media?
Hasselmann (2010)
What paper talks about the human undercurrent of faith in managing a risk and what does it say is the best approach for climate science in light of this?
Hasselmann (2010) - it talks about how we should target the feasibility and benefits of a low-carbon economy transition
What survey was conducted by the BBC in 2010?
Between November 09 to February 10 reduction in belief of CC and GW by 18% and no. of people who heard about coldest winter on record 83%
What do Barr & Prillwitz (2011) argue?
Mobility styles approach ineffective because CC transcends spatial and motivational contexts for travel
What do Barr & Gilg (2006) argue about environmental policy?
Approach the population based on the different socio-psychological characteristics not demographics. This is because environmental action has been individualised for actions around the home and in everyday practice.
What did Barr & Gilg (2006) argue about what leads to higher rates of participation in environmental action?
If there is a tangible threat to people’s social circle
What did Barr, Gilg and Shaw (2011) argue?
Citizen-consumer approach ineffective for solving climate change because climate change brings in to question the current everyday practices and existing forms of consumption
What did Johnson (2008) argue?
Citizen-consumer approach engages in larger structural and ideological tensions between global capitalisms relentless treadmill of production against increased public awareness of the need to reduce consumption.
What did Johnson (2008) argue could be an intermediary between the structural tensions he identified?
Green capitalism
Who outlined the five failed manifestations of green marketing?
Peattie and Crane (2005)
What are Peattie and Crane’s (2005) failed manifestations of green marketing?
Green spinning, green selling, green harvesting, enviropreneur marketing, compliance marketing
Who said that globalisation is deducting political power away from the state toward the individual? What did they argue further
Scammell (2000) - more so in the advent of technological developments
Which paper outlines how the public believes there is no scientific consensus and therefore they should not be relied upon to make individual changes in light of uncertainty?
Frame and Newton (2007)
What are three social and individual barriers to the public engaging in climate change action?
Social: social norms, lack of action at higher levels, lack of enabling initiatives
Individual: uncertainty, scepticism, other priorities
Which paper believes that there has not been a significant address to the social and individual barriers that prevent people engaging in environmental actions?
Lorenzoni et al. (2007)
What does Lorenzoni et al. (2007) believe is needed to change environmental action?
Increasing targeted information provision and initiating a larger structural shift to low consumption lifestyle
Which paper believes it is crucial to address collective norms? and what does it argue we should do?
Shove (2003) - promote greater social and cultural diversity
What does Seyfang (2005) should happen?
The government can increase policy success by providing context and structure for people to make changes.
What are some of the ways that Seyfang (2005) outlines government can enact change?
supporting local grassroots actions and not introducing undermining policies, publicly questioning economic growth, supporting local bodies
What does McKenzie (2000) say?
little attention toward ensuring psychological knowledge available to environmental programme designers. Nova Scotia case study
What does Thaler and Sunsten (2008) argue?
Command and control regulation has no liberty and is expensive and ineffective.
Market problems: misaligned incentives and lack of environmental feedback
What solution did Thaler and Sunsten (2008) argue about how to manage misaligned incentives?
Taxes and penalties
What solution did Thaler and Sunsten (2008) argue about how to manage the lack of environmental feedback?
Legislation to increase amount of information released then used by media to create environmental blacklist or stickers so that the individual consumers are more accountable
What method was used to affect the individual energy consumption in America and what was suggested at DIY Kyoto?
Ambient Orb - Southern California Edison - Employ in a community effort.
What success did the ambient orb enjoy in peak energy times?
reduced consumption of 40% in peak times.
