Communicable Diseases Flashcards
How long is HRIG protective for.
Roughly 21 days.
What is the treatment of a possible rabies infection?
Human rabies immunoglobulin and rabies vaccine
How long does the rabies vaccine protect for?
Approximately 2 years.
Explain the pathogenesis of pertussis.
Adheres to respiratory mucosal cilia. Produces a toxin that impairs cilia function. Some evidence now for intracellular pathology as well.
What is the gold standard test for pertussis?
Culture.
When is the best time to collect NP swabs for culture?
During the first two weeks of paroxysmal coughs.
How long is PCR for pertussis accurate?
Up to about 4 weeks of cough.
What are the three c’s for measles?
Cough, coryza, conjunctivitis.
How soon does the rash of measles appear?
14 days.
How long is a person infectious from measles?
About four days before rash and 4 days after the rash.
What is the pathognomonic finding of measles?
Koplik spots.
Describe the structure of Measles.
Single stranded RNA virus that is enveloped.
What is the MMR vaccine schedule.
2 doses. 1st at or after 12 months. Next 4-6 years. At least 28 days apart.
What is considered evidence of measles immunity?
2 documented doses 28 days apart.
Serum evidence of immunity.
Born before 1957.
When do you give tetanus immunoglobulin?
When you don’t know immunization status or less than three doses in a lifetime with a contaminated wound.
How is typhus spread?
Through pediculus humanus corporis.
What is the infectious agent for typhus called?
Rickettsia prowazekii
What is the infectious agent for Lyme disease?
Borelia burgdorferi
How is TB spread?
Droplet nuclei in the air.
What is latent TB?
Infection with TB but no disease.
When is the risk for conversion from Latin TB to active TB the highest?
In the first 2 years after infection. About 5-10%with healthy immune systems will develop TB disease.
What occupational lung disease puts people at risk for TB disease?
Silicosis.
