Communicable Diseases

Question 1

These are diseases that can be transmitted from one person to another.

Answer 1

Communicable Diseases

Question 2

Is caused by pathogens.

Answer 2

Infection

Question 3

Microorganisms that can cause diseases.

Answer 3

Pathogens

Question 4

A place where the disease agent can survive, grow, and multiply.

Answer 4

Reservoir

Question 5

Path for the microorganism to leave/escape from the host.

Answer 5

Exit Route

Question 6

Path for the infectious agent to enter another host.

Answer 6

Entrance Route

Question 7

Individuals who CANNOT resist the growth of pathogens.

Answer 7

Susceptible Hosts

Question 8

What are the two modes of transmission?

Answer 8

Direct contact ( person to person )

Indirect contact ( object to surface )

Question 9

• Silent stage when the pathogens grow and multiply
• Time interval between the onset of infection and the start of the symptoms

Answer 9

Incubation Stage

Question 10

• The time when general symptoms begin to manifest which last for about one or two days

Answer 10

Prodromal Stage

Question 11

• More symptoms are visible
• Period when the disease is at its peak and can be clinically used to diagnose the disease

Answer 11

Acute/Illness Stage

Question 12

• Starts when the disease symptoms have vanished and the patient is beginning to recover

Answer 12

Recovery Stage

Question 13

• The quality of being unhealthful and is used to describe how often a disease occurs in a specific area

Answer 13

Morbidity

Question 14

• The condition of being subject to death and refers to the number of deaths in a population

Answer 14

Mortality

Question 15

What was the top 1 causes of morbidity in 2015?

Answer 15

Acute Respiratory Infection

Question 16

What was the top 1 causes of mortality in 2015?

Answer 16

Diseases of the Heart

Question 18

What are the 3 levels of prevention?

Answer 18

• Primary Prevention

• Secondary Prevention

• Tertiary Prevention

Question 19

This spares the client the cost, discomfort, and the threat to the quality of life that illness poses or atleast delay the onset of ilness

Answer 19

Primary Prevention

Question 20

It begins in the period of recovery from an illness.

• Administering appropriate medications
• Moving and positioning and doing passive & active exercise

Answer 20

Tertiary Prevention

Question 21

• Are single-celled microorganisms and only a hundred are known to be pathogenic

• Grows in hot places, while others thrive in cold, damp places
• Produce toxins

Answer 21

Bacteria

Question 22

A patient comes in stating he’s been having :
• watery diarrhea
• fever
• abdominal cramps
• nausea or vomiting
• fatigue
• dehydration
• decreased amount of urine

What is your diagnosis?

Answer 22

Bacteria : E. Coli

Diseases Caused : Intestinal Infections

Transmission : •Unhygienic Practices
•Intake of contaminated food & water

Question 23

A patient comes in stating they’ve been having :

• fever & headache
• fatigue
• muscle aches
• sweating
• dry cough
• loss of appetite
• diarrhea or constipation
• rashes
• swollen abdomen

What is your diagnosis?

Answer 23

Bacteria : Salmonella Typhi

Diseases caused : Typhoid Fever

Transmission :
• Unhygienic practices
• Intake of contaminated food & water

Question 24

A patient comes in and states that they’ve been having these symptoms :

• persistent cough
• blood when coughing
• chest pain
• fatigue & fever
• weight loss
• night sweat & chills

Answer 24

Bacteria : Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Diseases Caused : Active Tuberculosis ( Active TB)

Transmission :
• airborne - droplets from cough, sneeze, or spit of an infected person

Question 25

• smallest of all pathogens
• more than 150 of these can cause diseases
• difficult to treat & drug treatments are very limited
• cannot reproduce on its own
• can exist only within a LIVING host

Answer 25

Viruses

Question 26

This type of hepatitis can lead to cirrhosis, liver cancer, & liver failure. Which type is it?

Answer 26

Virus : Hepatitis C

Question 27

This type of hepatitis is transmitted through the intake of contaminated food & water. Which type is it?

Answer 27

Virus : Hepatitis A

Question 28

This type of hepatitis is transmitted by exchange of bodily fluids during sex, intravenous drug use, & pregnancy. Which type is it?

Answer 28

Virus : Hepatitis B

Question 29

A patient comes in stating he's been having these symptoms : • fever • muscle aches • fatigue • loss of appetite • swelling of the salivary glands ( parotid glands ) What is your diagnosis?

Answer 29

Virus : Paramyxoviridae Diseases Caused : Mumps Transmission : • Direct contact with saliva or respiratory droplets

Question 30

• live in or on the host organism from which they feed

Answer 30

Parasites Examples : • Pinworms • Tapeworms • Head Lice

Question 31

A patient comes in stating that they've been experiencing : • irritation around the skin of the anus What is your diagnosis?

Answer 31

Parasite : Pinworms • small, narrow, & white-colored worms that affect human intestines • remain in the intestines until they hatch & mature • can survive on surfaces of objects for up to 3 weeks Transmission : • accidentally ingesting or inhaling pinworm eggs

Question 32

A patient comes in stating they've been having these symptoms : • nausea • diarrhea • weakness • abdominal pain • hunger or loss of appetite • fatigue • weight loss • vitamin & mineral deficiencies What is your diagnosis?

Answer 32

Parasite : Tapeworms • can be found in both animals & humans Transmission : eating undercooked meat from infected animals ( pig, cow, fish )

Question 33

A patient comes in with constant head scratching & itching, and the presence of tiny eggs on their scalp, what could be the possible diagnosis?

Answer 33

Parasite : Head Lice • tiny, wingless, parasitic insects that live on the scalp • feed on the blood from the scalp

Question 34

• some species are useful like an edible mushroom • usually found in the soil, plants, trees, & even on the skin & other parts of the body

Answer 34

Fungi

Question 35

A patient comes in with complaints of itching, peeling, blistering, redness & sores on their foot. What is the possible diagnosis?

Answer 35

Fungi : Tinea Pedis Disease Caused : Athlete's Foot • thrive in warm & moist environments ( socks, shoes, swimming pools, or public showers )

Question 36

• causes red, ring-shaped itchy rashes on the skin, itching, burning, redness, peeling, flaking, or cracked skin

Answer 36

Fungi : Tinea Crusis Diseases Caused : Jock Itch • lives in warm & moist areas ( genitals, buttocks, or inner thighs ) ( Just to clarify, jock itch may seem like the symptoms for ringworm, but ringworm symptoms are instead, 'red, raised, and scaly skin sores' )

Question 37

A patient comes in with 'red, raised, scaly skin sores' on his left arm What is your diagnosis?

Answer 37

Fungi : Tinea Corporis Disease Caused : Ringworm • lives in warm, humid climates

Question 38

Is used after the disease has occured, but before the person notices anything is wrong.

Answer 38

Secondary Prevention