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Biology- Infection and Response > Communicable diseases > Flashcards

Communicable diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What is meant by communcable disease?

A

A contagious disease that can be spread from one person to another

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1
Q

What causes disease?

A

Pathogens

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2
Q

Name the four types of pathogen

A

Bacteria

Fungi

Virus

Protist

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3
Q

What do bacteria do?

A

Reproduce rapidly inside the body

Produce toxins that damage tissues and make us feel ill

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4
Q

What do viruses do?

A

Live inside cells and reproduce rapidly causing cell damage

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5
Q

Name three types of viruses

A

Measles

HIV

Tobacco Moasaic Virus

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6
Q

Name some symptoms of Measles

A

Fever

Red skin rash

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7
Q

What are some complications of untreated Measles

A

Pneumonia

Encephalitis (brain disease)

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8
Q

How is the Measles Virus treated

A

Most people are vaccinated against measles when they are young

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9
Q

How does the Measles virus spread?

A

Through the inhilations of droplets from sneezes and coughs of an infected person

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10
Q

How is HIV spread?

A

Sexual contact

Exchange of bodily fluids e.g blood when drug users share needles

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11
Q

What are the symptoms of HIV

A

It initially causes a flu-like ilness

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12
Q

What does HIV do to the body?

A

The virus reproduces rapidly inside the cells in the immune system, causing damage to them

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13
Q

How is HIV controlled?

A

Antiretroviral drugs can be taken
These stop the virus from replicating in the body

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14
Q

What is another name for Late Stage HIV?

A

AIDS

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15
Q

When does AIDS occur
(late stage HIV)?

A

When the body’s immune system is so bdly damaged that it can no longer deal with infections and cancers

16
Q

What is Tobacco Mosaic Virus

A

A widespread plant pathogen that affects many species of plant, includng tomatoes

17
Q

What are the symptoms of Tobacco Mosaic Virus

A

The virus gives a distinct ‘mosaic’ pattern of discolouration on the leaves

This discolouration means that the plant cabbot carry out photosynthese effectively- this affects its growth

18
Q

Name the three ways that pathogens are spread

A

Water

Air

Direct Contact

19
Q

Name two types of bacteria

A

Salmonella

Gonorrhoea

20
Q

What are the symptoms of salmonella?

A

Fever

Abdominal cramps

Vomiting

Diarrhoea

these are caused by the bacteria and the toxins they secrete

21
Q

How is salmonella spread?

A

Bacteria is ingested in food
Food is prepared in unhygienic conditions

22
Q

How is salmonella treated?

A

In the UK, poultry are vaccinated against Salmonella to controll the spread

Biology- Infection and Response (1 decks)

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