Communicable Disease Control

Question 1

Outcomes of exposure to an infectious disease

Answer 1

No infection
Infection
-subclinical
-subclinical and diagnosed
-clinical (case)
-clinical and diagnosed (diagnosed case)
Sequelae
-resolution with or without treatment (temporary or permanent immunity, no immunity)
-carrier state (asymptomatic or chronic infection with clinical effects)

Question 2

Incubation period

Answer 2

between infection and symptoms

Question 3

Latent period

Answer 3

non-infectious period (before, during, and/or after clinical symptoms)

Question 4

Infectious period

Answer 4

period and length of time a person can transmit the disease

Question 5

Epidemic

Answer 5

increase in disease incidence over time (days, weeks, months, years, decades)

Question 6

Herd immunity

Answer 6

substantial proportion of immune individuals (from natural infection or vaccination) in a population reduces infection rate in the non-immune

Question 7

Prion

Answer 7

protein (no RNA or DNA) that recruits other proteins to look like it

Question 8

Virus

Answer 8

parasites on eukaryote cells (require cells to replicate)

Question 9

Bacteria

Answer 9

can be free living, have cell walls

Question 10

How do antibiotics work?

Answer 10

act on cell walls of bacteria, as humans have cell membranes (not cell walls), don’t hurt us

Question 11

Protozoa

Answer 11

one cell organism

Question 12

Helminths

Answer 12

worms

Question 13

Metazoa

Answer 13

many cell organisms

Question 14

Anthropods

Answer 14

insects

Question 15

Host

Answer 15

the organism infected by the agent

Question 16

Reservoir

Answer 16

the natural habitat for the agent which can be humans, animals (including vectors), or free-living in the environment, or a combination

Question 17

Vector

Answer 17

an organism that transmits the agent from one host to another